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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Molecular Sciences >The Phylogenetic Structure of Reptile Avian and Uropathogenic
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The Phylogenetic Structure of Reptile Avian and Uropathogenic

机译：爬行动物禽类和尿羟疗法的系统发育结构

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The impact of the Gram-negative bacterium Escherichia coli (E. coli) on the microbiomic and pathogenic phenomena occurring in humans and other warm-blooded animals is relatively well-recognized. At the same time, there are scant data concerning the role of E. coli strains in the health and disease of cold-blooded animals. It is presently known that reptiles are common asymptomatic carriers of another human pathogen, Salmonella, which, when transferred to humans, may cause a disease referred to as reptile-associated salmonellosis (RAS). We therefore hypothesized that reptiles may also be carriers of specific E. coli strains (reptilian Escherichia coli, RepEC) which may differ in their genetic composition from the human uropathogenic strain (UPEC) and avian pathogenic E. coli (APEC). Therefore, we isolated RepECs (n = 24) from reptile feces and compared isolated strains’ pathogenic potentials and phylogenic relations with the aforementioned UPEC (n = 24) and APEC (n = 24) strains. To this end, we conducted an array of molecular analyses, including determination of the phylogenetic groups of E. coli, virulence genotyping, Pulsed-Field Gel Electrophoresis-Restriction Analysis (RA-PFGE) and genetic population structure analysis using Multi-Locus Sequence Typing (MLST). The majority of the tested RepEC strains belonged to nonpathogenic phylogroups, with an important exception of one strain, which belonged to the pathogenic group B2, typical of extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli. This strain was part of the globally disseminated ST131 lineage. Unlike RepEC strains and in line with previous studies, a high percentage of UPEC strains belonged to the phylogroup B2, and the percentage distribution of phylogroups among the tested APEC strains was relatively homogenous, with most coming from the following nonpathogenic groups: C, A and B1. The RA-PFGE displayed a high genetic diversity among all the tested E. coli groups. In the case of RepEC strains, the frequency of occurrence of virulence genes (VGs) was lower than in the UPEC and APEC strains. The presented study is one of the first attempting to compare the phylogenetic structures of E. coli populations isolated from three groups of vertebrates: reptiles, birds and mammals (humans).
机译：革兰氏阴性细菌大肠杆菌（大肠杆菌）对人类和其他温血动物中发生的微生物和病原现象的影响是相对公认的。与此同时，有关于大肠杆菌菌株在冷血动物的健康和疾病中的作用的微分数据。目前已知爬行动物是另一个人病原体，沙门氏菌的常见无症状载体，当转移到人体时，可能导致疾病称为爬行动物相关的沙门素（Ras）。因此，我们假设爬行动物也可以是特定大肠杆菌菌株（爬虫学大肠杆菌，REPEC）的载体，其可以在其来自人尿羟因菌菌株（UPEC）和禽病原体大肠杆菌（APEC）中的遗传组合物中不同。因此，从爬行动物粪便中分离Rechecs（n = 24）并与上述Upec（n = 24）和APEC（n = 24）菌株进行比较分离的菌株的致病势和系统发育关系。为此，我们进行了一种分子分析阵列，包括使用多基因座序列打字的大肠杆菌，毒力学基因分型，脉冲 - 场凝胶电泳 - 限制性分析（RA-PFGE）和遗传群结构分析的测定（MLST）。大多数测试的REPEC菌株属于非致病素群，其具有一个菌株的重要性外，属于致病族B2，典型的致原因致病性大肠杆菌。这种菌株是全球播放的ST131谱系的一部分。与Repec菌株和符合先前的研究不同，属于Phylocgroup B2的高百分比UPEC菌株，并且测试的APEC菌株中的植物粒的百分比分布相对均匀，最多来自以下非暴力组：C，A和B1。 RA-PFGE在所有测试的大肠杆菌组中显示出高遗传多样性。在Repec菌株的情况下，毒力基因（VGS）的发生频率低于UPEC和APEC菌株。本研究是首次试图比较从三组脊椎动物中分离的大肠杆菌种群的系统发育结构：爬行动物，鸟类和哺乳动物（人类）。

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