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Improving the Accuracy of Decawave’s UWB MDEK1001 Location System by Gaining Access to Multiple Ranges

机译:通过获得多个范围的访问提高DeCave的UWB MDEK1001位置系统的准确性

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摘要

The location of people, robots, and Internet-of-Things (IoT) devices has become increasingly important. Among the available location technologies, solutions based on ultrawideband (UWB) radio are having much success due to their accuracy, which is ideally at a centimeter level. However, this accuracy is degraded in most common indoor environments due to the presence of obstacles which block or reflect the radio signals used for ranging. One way to circumvent this difficulty is through robust estimation algorithms based on measurement redundancy, permitting to minimize the effect of significantly erroneous ranges (outliers). This need for redundancy often conflicts with hardware restraints put up by the location system’s designers. In this work, we present a procedure to increase the redundancy of UWB systems and demonstrate it with the help of a commercial system made by Decawave. This system is particularly easy to deploy, by configuring a network of beacons (anchors) and devices (tags) to be located; however, its architecture presents a major disadvantage as each tag to be located can only measure ranges to a maximum of four anchors. This limitation is embedded in the Positioning and Networking Stack (PANS) protocol designed by Decawave, and therefore is not easy to bypass without a total redesign of the firmware. In this paper, we analyze the strategies that we have been able to identify in order to provide this equipment with multiple range measurements, and thus enable each tag to be positioned with more than four measured ranges. We will see the advantages and disadvantages of each of these strategies, and finally we will adopt a solution that we implemented to be able to measure up to eight ranges for each mobile device (tag). This solution implies the duplication of the tags at the mobile user, and the creation of a double interleaved network of anchors. The range among tags and the eight beacons is obtained through an API via a wireless BLE protocol at a 10 Hz rate. A robustified Extended Kalman filter (EKF) is designed to estimate, by trilateration, the position of the pair of mobile tags, using eight ranges. Two different scenarios are used to make localization experimentation: a laboratory and an apartment. Our position estimation, which exploits redundant information and performs outlier removal, is compared with the commercial solution limited to four ranges, demonstrating the need and advantages of our multi-range approach.
机译:人物,机器人和互联网的位置(IOT)设备变得越来越重要。在可用的位置技术中,基于超广域带(UWB)无线电的解决方案由于其精度而具有多大成功,其精度非常理想地在厘米水平。然而,由于存在障碍物的存在或反射用于测距的无线电信号,这种精度在最常见的室内环境中降低。这种难度的一种方法是通过基于测量冗余的鲁棒估计算法,允许最小化显着错误范围(异常值)的效果。对冗余的这种需求通常与位置系统的设计人员施加的硬件束缚冲突。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种增加UWB系统冗余的程序,并借助离散率制作的商业系统。通过配置要定位的信标(锚点)和设备(标签)的网络,该系统特别容易地部署;然而,其架构呈现出一个主要的缺点,因为所处的每个标签只能测量范围到最多四个锚点。这种限制嵌入在DeCawave设计的定位和网络堆栈(平移)协议中,因此不容易绕过,而无需全部重新设计固件。在本文中,我们分析了我们能够识别的策略,以便提供多个范围测量的该设备,从而使每个标签能够以超过四个测量的测量范围定位。我们将看到这些策略中的每一个的优缺点,最后我们将采用我们实施的解决方案,以便能够为每个移动设备(标签)最多八个范围。该解决方案暗示了移动用户处的标签的复制,以及创建锚的双交错网络。标签和八信标的范围通过API通过10Hz速率通过无线BLE协议获得。一个强大的扩展卡尔曼滤波器(EKF)旨在通过三边形来估计一对移动标签的位置,使用八个范围。两种不同的情景用于进行本地化实验:实验室和公寓。我们利用冗余信息和执行异常拆卸的地位估计与商业解决方案限制为四个范围,展示了我们多范围方法的需求和优势。

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