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Differences and similarities between carbon nanotubes and asbestos fibers during mesothelial carcinogenesis: Shedding light on fiber entry mechanism

机译:间皮癌中碳纳米管与石棉纤维之间的差异和相似性:纤维进入机构的脱落

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摘要

The emergence of nanotechnology represents an important milestone, as it opens the way to a broad spectrum of applications for nanomaterials in the fields of engineering, industry and medicine. One example of nanomaterials that have the potential for widespread use is carbon nanotubes, which have a tubular structure made of graphene sheets. However, there have been concerns that they may pose a potential health risk due to their similarities to asbestos, namely their high biopersistence and needle‐like structure. We recently found that despite these similarities, carbon nanotubes and asbestos differ in certain aspects, such as their mechanism of entry into mesothelial cells. In the study, we showed that non‐functionalized, multi‐walled carbon nanotubes enter mesothelial cells by directly piercing through the cell membrane in a diameter‐ and rigidity‐dependent manner, whereas asbestos mainly enters these cells through the process of endocytosis, which is independent of fiber diameter. In this review, we discuss the key differences, as well as similarities, between asbestos fibers and carbon nanotubes. We also summarize previous reports regarding the mechanism of carbon nanotube entry into non‐phagocytic cells. As the entry of fibers into mesothelial cells is a crucial step in mesothelial carcinogenesis, we believe that a comprehensive study on the differences by which carbon nanotubes and asbestos fibers enter into non‐phagocytic cells will provide important clues for the safer manufacture of carbon nanotubes through strict regulation on fiber characteristics, such as diameter, surface properties, length and rigidity. (Cancer Sci, doi: 10.1111/j.1349‐7006.2012.02326.x, 2012)
机译:纳米技术的出现代表了一个重要的里程碑,因为它为工程,工业和医学领域的纳米材料开辟了广泛的应用。具有广泛使用潜力的纳米材料的一个例子是碳纳米管,其具有由石墨烯片制成的管状结构。然而,担心它们可能由于其与石棉的相似性而构成潜在的健康风险,即它们的高生物折射和针状结构。我们最近发现,尽管这些相似之处,碳纳米管和石棉在某些方面的不同之处,例如它们进入间皮细胞的机制。在该研究中,我们表明,非功能化的多壁碳纳米管通过直径和刚性依赖性方式直接穿过细胞膜进入间皮细胞,而石棉主要通过内吞作用的过程进入这些细胞,这是独立于纤维直径。在本文中,我们讨论了石棉纤维和碳纳米管之间的关键差异,以及相似之处。我们还总结了先前关于碳纳米管进入非吞噬细胞的机制的报道。由于纤维进入间皮细胞是间皮癌的关键步骤,我们认为综合研究碳纳米管和石棉纤维进入非吞噬细胞的差异将提供通过碳纳米管的更安全制造的重要线索严格对纤维特性的调节,如直径,表面性质,长度和刚性。 (癌症SCI,DOI:10.1111 / J.1349-7006.2012.02326.X,2012)

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