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Three-Dimensional Printing Constructs Based on the Chitosan for Tissue Regeneration: State of the Art Developing Directions and Prospect Trends

机译:基于壳聚糖的三维印刷构建体组织再生:现有技术发展方向和前景趋势

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摘要

Chitosan (CS) has gained particular attention in biomedical applications due to its biocompatibility, antibacterial feature, and biodegradability. Hence, many studies have focused on the manufacturing of CS films, scaffolds, particulate, and inks via different production methods. Nowadays, with the possibility of the precise adjustment of porosity size and shape, fiber size, suitable interconnectivity of pores, and creation of patient-specific constructs, 3D printing has overcome the limitations of many traditional manufacturing methods. Therefore, the fabrication of 3D printed CS scaffolds can lead to promising advances in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. A review of additive manufacturing types, CS-based printed constructs, their usages as biomaterials, advantages, and drawbacks can open doors to optimize CS-based constructions for biomedical applications. The latest technological issues and upcoming capabilities of 3D printing with CS-based biopolymers for different applications are also discussed. This review article will act as a roadmap aiming to investigate chitosan as a new feedstock concerning various 3D printing approaches which may be employed in biomedical fields. In fact, the combination of 3D printing and CS-based biopolymers is extremely appealing particularly with regard to certain clinical purposes. Complications of 3D printing coupled with the challenges associated with materials should be recognized to help make this method feasible for wider clinical requirements. This strategy is currently gaining substantial attention in terms of several industrial biomedical products. In this review, the key 3D printing approaches along with revealing historical background are initially presented, and ultimately, the applications of different 3D printing techniques for fabricating chitosan constructs will be discussed. The recognition of essential complications and technical problems related to numerous 3D printing techniques and CS-based biopolymer choices according to clinical requirements is crucial. A comprehensive investigation will be required to encounter those challenges and to completely understand the possibilities of 3D printing in the foreseeable future.
机译:由于其生物相容性,抗菌特征和生物降解性,壳聚糖(CS)在生物医学应用中效率特别关注。因此,许多研究专注于通过不同的生产方法制造Cs膜,支架,颗粒和油墨。如今,随着孔隙尺寸和形状的精确调节,纤维尺寸,孔的合适互连,以及患者特异性构建体的产生,3D印刷已经克服了许多传统制造方法的局限性。因此,3D印刷CS支架的制造可以导致组织工程和再生医学的前进。对添加剂制造类型,基于CS的印刷构建体,其用作生物材料,优点和缺点的综述可以打开门以优化基于CS的生物医学应用的结构。还讨论了与不同应用的CS基生物聚合物的最新技术问题和即将到来的3D打印能力。该审查文章将充当旨在将壳聚糖调查为有关各种3D打印方法的新原料的路线图,该方法可以在生物医学领域采用。实际上,3D印染和基于CS的生物聚合物的组合非常吸引人,特别是关于某些临床目的。应识别与材料相关的挑战的3D打印并发症,以帮助使该方法可行,可用于更广泛的临床要求。该策略目前正在若干工业生物医学产品方面取得了大幅度的关注。在该综述中,最初展示了关键的3D打印方法以及揭示历史背景,并且最终讨论了用于制造壳聚糖构建体的不同3D打印技术的应用。根据临床要求,识别与许多3D印刷技术和基于CS的生物聚合物选择相关的必要并发症和技术问题是至关重要的。将需要全面调查来遇到这些挑战,并完全了解可预见的未来在可预见的未来打印的可能性。

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