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Self-Reported Changes in Risk Behaviours of Cardiovascular Diseases among School Adolescents in Nepal: Application of an Integrated Experiential Learning Approach

机译：尼泊尔学派青少年心血管疾病风险行为的自我报告变化：综合体验学习方法的应用

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) account for the largest proportion of all deaths in Nepal (30%). Studies report that CVDs often begin with modifiable lifestyle risk behaviours established during adolescence which manifest later. This study aimed to measure changes in the five mortality-associated CVD risk behaviours (i.e., consumption of tobacco, alcohol, and junk food, physical inactivity, and stress among school adolescents) using an integrative intervention with the experiential learning approach. The study was carried out for 24 weeks (25 credit hours) among 4,225 students from grades 8 to 10 in community schools in seven provinces in Nepal. Pre- and post-intervention in-class self-reported surveys were conducted for assessing change in the students’ aggregate risk behaviours. These percent changes were assessed through bivariate analysis. Key-informant interviews of teachers were conducted to assess their perceptions of the effectiveness of the intervention. At 24 weeks, the percentages of students reporting consumption of cigarettes and smokeless tobacco declined by 25% and 28% respectively, consumption of alcohol declined by 29%, consumption of instant noodles by 11%, and consumption of coke by 43%. The proportion of students reporting ‘going to school by foot every day’ increased by 11%, and those ‘exercising until they sweat’ increased by 29%. The percentage of students who reported feeling that their ‘life has been running as desired’ increased by 16%. Key-informant interviews of the teachers revealed that the intervention had contributed to improved motivation, knowledge, and attitude among students towards mitigating the risk behaviours. These interviews also recommended continuation of the intervention. The sample in this study has shown positive changes in school adolescents’ self-reported aggregate CVD risk behaviours using the experiential learning approach. However, further research should be conducted to explore the sustainability and scaling of these learning modules through the existing non-communicable disease (NCD) school curriculum activities in Nepal.
机译：心血管疾病（CVDS）占尼泊尔所有死亡比例的最大比例（30％）。研究报告称，CVDS经常以可修改的生活方式风险行为开始，在白天建立的，这在后面显示出来。本研究旨在利用具有综合性学习方法的综合干预来衡量五个死亡率相关的CVD风险行为（即，消费烟草，酒精和垃圾食品，物理不活动，身体不动度，身体不动度和压力）。该研究在尼泊尔七个省份的社区学校中的4,225名学生中进行了24周（25学分），在4,225名学生中。课后和后期课后的自我报告的调查是为了评估学生总体风险行为的变化。通过双变量分析评估这些变化百分比。对教师的关键通知访谈进行评估他们对干预效果的看法。在24周时，报告卷烟和无烟烟草消费的学生的百分比分别下降了25％和28％，消耗酒精消耗下降了29％，即食面条消耗11％，食用焦炭消耗43％。报告“每天上学”的学生的比例增加了11％，而且在他们出汗之前的运动增加了29％。据报道，他们认为自己的生活是根据需要运行的学生的百分比增加了16％。教师的关键信息面试显示，干预促进了学生在减轻风险行为中提高了激励，知识和态度。这些访谈也建议延续干预。本研究中的样本在学校青少年的自我报告的聚合CVD风险行为中显示出积极变化，使用经验学习方法。然而，应进行进一步的研究，以探讨这些学习模块的可持续性和缩放通过尼泊尔的现有非传染病（NCD）学校课程活动。

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