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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Heliyon >Soil nutrients and crop yield response to conservation-effective management practices in the sub-humid highlands agro-ecologies of Kenya
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Soil nutrients and crop yield response to conservation-effective management practices in the sub-humid highlands agro-ecologies of Kenya

机译：土壤养分与作物收益率应对肯尼亚亚湿润高地农业生态的保护 - 有效管理实践

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Crop productivity in most smallholder farming systems in Sub-Saharan Africa experience low use of soil amendment resources, low and erratic rainfall, frequent dry spells, and droughts. Rain-fed agriculture has a high crop yield potential if rainfall and soil nutrient input resources are utilized effectively. Thus, in 2011, we set up an on-farm experiment in Meru South (sub-humid) and Mbeere South (marginal sub-humid) sub-counties in upper Eastern Kenya to assess conservation-effective management (CEM) practices effects on maize (Zea Mays L.) yields response and soil nutrients. The CEM practices were; tied ridging (TR), mulching (MC), and minimum tillage (MT), with conventional tillage (CT) as a control. There were frequent dry spells and droughts during the experimental period. The experiment ran for four seasons, from the long rains season of 2011 (LR11), short rains seasons of 2011 (SR11), long rains season of 2012 (LR12), short rains 2012 (SR12), and long rains season of 2013 (LR13). In Meru South, TR and MT treatments had significantly higher phosphorus content (100% and 66%, respectively) than the control. Also, in the same site, Cu and Zn were high in MT than in CT treatments. In the Mbeere South site, the aboveground biomass yield was significantly higher in TR treatment (by 71%) than CT during SR11, while in LR12 season, it significantly increased by 72% and 46% under MC and TR treatments, respectively, than the control. The TR treatment had significantly higher aboveground biomass than the control (84% and 115%) in the SR12 and LR13 seasons. In Meru South, MC treatment had significantly higher aboveground biomass, which was significantly higher, by 39%, during the SR11 season and 46% in TR treatment in SR12 season than the control. This study highlighted tied ridging as the best-fit practice for enhancing maize crop aboveground biomass production in rain-fed farming systems of marginal lands and sub-humid regions receiving unreliable rainfall. Further, we recommend longer-term experimentation to explore CEM effects on soil nutrients.
机译：在撒哈拉以南非洲大多数小农农业系统中的作物生产力经历了低利用土壤修正资源，低价降雨，常急干燥的法术和干旱。如果利用有效利用降雨和土壤养分投入资源，雨喂养农业具有高作物产量潜力。因此，在2011年，我们在肯尼亚上东部的Meru South（Sub-Humid）和Mbele南（边缘潜水）子县中进行了一个农场实验，以评估保护有效的管理（CEM）对玉米的影响（Zea Mays L.）产生响应和土壤营养素。 CEM实践是;用常规耕作（CT）作为对照，缠绕（Tr），覆盖（MC）和最小耕作（MT）。实验期间，在实验期间经常发生干燥的咒语和干旱。实验持续了四季，从2011年的长下雨季节（LR11），2011年短期季节（SR11），2012年长的雨季（LR12），2012年短期下雨（SR12），以及2013年的长下雨季节（ LR13）。在Meru South，TR和MT治疗中的磷含量显着高（分别为100％和66％）。此外，在同一部位中，Cu和Zn在MT中高于CT处理。在MBEery南部，TR治疗（71％）在SR11期间，上述生物量产量显着高，而在LR12季节，分别在MC和TR治疗中显着增加72％和46％，而不是控制。 TR治疗在SR12和LR13季节中的对照（84％和115％）显着高于地上的生物量。在Meru South，MC治疗显着高于地上的生物量，在SR11季节，在SR11季节期间，在SR11赛季的TR治疗中的46％比对照组成46％。本研究突出了脊髓击球，作为增强玉米农作地上生物量生产的最佳实践，在雨水喂养的边际土地和潜水区的雨水地区接受不可靠的降雨。此外，我们推荐长期实验探索对土壤营养素的影响。

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