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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Trends in Catastrophic Occupational Incidents among Electrical Contractors 2007–2013
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Trends in Catastrophic Occupational Incidents among Electrical Contractors 2007–2013

机译：电气承包商灾难性职业事件的趋势2007-2013

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This study used methodologies of descriptive and quantitative statistics to identify the contributing factors most affecting occupational accident outcomes among electrical contracting enterprises, given an accident occurred. Accident reports were collected from the Occupational Safety and Health Administration’s fatality and catastrophe database. To ensure the reliability of the data, the team manually codified more than 600 incidents through a comprehensive content analysis using injury-classification standards. Inclusive of both fatal and non-fatal injuries, the results showed that most accidents happened in nonresidential buildings, new construction, and small projects (i.e., $50,000 or less). The main source of injuries manifested in parts and materials (46%), followed by tools, instruments, and equipment (19%), and structure and surfaces (16%). The most frequent types of injuries were fractures (31%), electrocutions (27%), and electrical burns (14%); the main injured body parts were upper extremities (25%), head (23%), and body system (18%). Among non-fatal cases, falls (37%), exposure to electricity (36%), and contact with objects (19%) caused most injuries; among fatal cases, exposure to electricity was the leading cause of death (50%), followed by falls (28%) and contact with objects (19%). The analysis also investigated the impact of several accident factors on the degree of injuries and found significant effects from such factors such as project type, source of injury, cause of injury, injured part of body, nature of injury, and eventtype. In other words, the statistical probability of a fatal accident—given an accident occurrence—changes significantly based on the degree of these factors. The results of this study, as depicted in the proposed decision tree model, revealed that the most important factor for predicting the nature of injury (electrical or non-electrical) is: whether the source of injury is parts and materials; followed by whether the source of injury is tools, instruments, and equipment. In other words, in predicting (with a 94.31% accuracy) the nature of injury as electrical or non-electrical, whether the source of injury is parts and materials and whether the source of injury is tools, instruments, and equipment are very important. Seven decision rules were derived from the proposed decision tree model. Beyond these outcomes, the described methodology contributes to the accident-analysis body of knowledge by providing a framework for codifying data from accident reports to facilitate future analysis and modeling attempts to subsequently mitigate more injuries in other fields.
机译：本研究使用了描述性和定量统计数据的方法，以确定鉴于事故发生的电气契约企业中最严重影响职业事故结果的贡献因素。从职业安全和健康管理局的死亡和灾难性数据库中收集了事故报告。为确保数据的可靠性，团队通过使用伤害分类标准进行全面的内容分析手动编写600多种事件。结果含有致命和非致命伤害，结果表明，大多数事故发生在非尼斯建筑，新建和小项目（即50,000美元或更低）中发生。损伤的主要来源表现为零部件和材料（46％），其次是工具，仪器和设备（19％），结构和表面（16％）。最常见的损伤类型是骨折（31％），静电（27％）和电气烧伤（14％）;主要受伤的身体部位是上肢（25％），头部（23％）和体系（18％）。在非致命病例中，跌倒（37％），接触电力（36％），与物体接触（19％）导致大多数伤害;在致命的情况下，暴露在电力是死亡的主要原因（50％），其次是跌倒（28％）并与物体接触（19％）。分析还调查了几种意外因素对伤害程度的影响，发现项目类型，伤害源等因素，伤害原因，伤害受伤的受损，伤害性质以及事件等因素产生显着影响类型。换句话说，致命事故的统计概率 - 根据这些因素的程度，给出了事故发生变化。本研究的结果如提出的决策树模型所示，揭示了预测损伤性质的最重要因素（电气或非电气）是：损伤源是零件和材料;其次是伤害源是工具，仪器和设备。换句话说，在预测（精度为94.31％）中，伤害的性质是电气或非电气，是伤害源是零件和材料，造成伤害源是工具，仪器和设备是否非常重要。七项决策规则源自拟议的决策树模型。除了这些结果之外，所描述的方法通过提供用于从事故报告的数据编纂数据来促进未来的分析和建模试图随后减轻其他领域的损伤的框架来促进事故的知识体系。

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