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Risk Analysis of COVID‐19 Infections in Kolkata Metropolitan City: A GIS‐Based Study and Policy Implications

机译：加尔各答大都会城Covid-19感染风险分析：基于GIS的研究和政策影响

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摘要

The COVID‐19 pandemic has affected daily lives of people around the world. People have already started to live wearing masks, keeping a safe distance from others, and maintaining a high level of hygiene. This paper deals with an in‐depth analysis of riskness associated with COVID‐19 infections in Kolkata Municipal Corporation (KMC) at the subcity (ward) level. Attempts have been made to identify the areas with high or low risk of infections using GIS‐based geostatistical approach. Cosine Similarity Index has been used to rank different wards of KMC according to the degree of riskness. Four indices were computed to address intervention objectives and to determine “Optimized Prevention Rank” of wards for future policy decisions. The highest risk areas were located in the eastern and western part of the city, to a great extent overlapped with wards containing larger share of population living in slums and/or below poverty level. On the other hand, highly infected areas lie in central Kolkata and in several wards at the eastern and northeastern periphery of the KMC. The “Optimized Prevention Rank” have indicated that the lack of social awareness along with lack of social distancing have contributed to the increasing number of containments of COVID‐19 cases. The rankings of the wards would no doubt provide the policy makers a basis to control further spread of the disease. Since effective antiviral drugs are already in the market, the best application of our research would be in the ensuing vaccination drive against further COVID‐19 infections.
机译：该COVID-19大流行已经影响到了世界各地人们的日常生活。人们已经开始现场戴口罩，保持从别人的安全距离，并保持卫生的较高水平。这与在subcity（区）级加尔各答市政公司（KMC）COVID-19感染有关riskness的深入分析纸交易。已经尝试使用基于GIS的地质统计学方法，感染的高或低风险识别领域。余弦相似度指数已用于根据riskness程度排名KMC的不同病房。四个指标进行了计算，以地址干预目标，并确定病房未来政策决定的“优化预防排名”。风险最高的区域均位于城市的东部和西部，与包含在贫民窟和/或贫困线以下人口较多的生活中所占的份额病房重叠的大幅调整。在另一方面，高度疫区位于加尔各答中心地区，在KMC的东部和东北部边缘的几个病房。在“优化预防等级”已经表明，缺乏与缺乏社会疏远的沿着社会意识已经在越来越多的COVID-19案件安全壳的贡献。病房的排名无疑将提供决策者的依据，以控制疾病的进一步蔓延。由于有效的抗病毒药物已经在市场上，我们研究的最佳应用是在反对进一步COVID-19感染随后接种驱动。

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