首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>The Journal of Biological Chemistry >Dimerization Mediated by a Divergent Forkhead-associated Domain Is Essential for the DNA Damage and Spindle Functions of Fission Yeast Mdb1
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Dimerization Mediated by a Divergent Forkhead-associated Domain Is Essential for the DNA Damage and Spindle Functions of Fission Yeast Mdb1

机译:分叉的叉头相关域介导的二聚化对裂变酵母Mdb1的DNA损伤和纺锤体功能至关重要。

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摘要

MDC1 is a key factor of DNA damage response in mammalian cells. It possesses two phospho-binding domains. In its C terminus, a tandem BRCA1 C-terminal domain binds phosphorylated histone H2AX, and in its N terminus, a forkhead-associated (FHA) domain mediates a phosphorylation-enhanced homodimerization. The FHA domain of the Drosophila homolog of MDC1, MU2, also forms a homodimer but utilizes a different dimer interface. The functional importance of the dimerization of MDC1 family proteins is uncertain. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, a protein sharing homology with MDC1 in the tandem BRCA1 C-terminal domain, Mdb1, regulates DNA damage response and mitotic spindle functions. Here, we report the crystal structure of the N-terminal 91 amino acids of Mdb1. Despite a lack of obvious sequence conservation to the FHA domain of MDC1, this region of Mdb1 adopts an FHA-like fold and is therefore termed Mdb1-FHA. Unlike canonical FHA domains, Mdb1-FHA lacks all the conserved phospho-binding residues. It forms a stable homodimer through an interface distinct from those of MDC1 and MU2. Mdb1-FHA is important for the localization of Mdb1 to DNA damage sites and the spindle midzone, contributes to the roles of Mdb1 in cellular responses to genotoxins and an antimicrotubule drug, and promotes in vitro binding of Mdb1 to a phospho-H2A peptide. The defects caused by the loss of Mdb1-FHA can be rescued by fusion with either of two heterologous dimerization domains, suggesting that the main function of Mdb1-FHA is mediating dimerization. Our data support that FHA-mediated dimerization is conserved for MDC1 family proteins.
机译:MDC1是哺乳动物细胞中DNA损伤反应的关键因素。它具有两个磷酸结合域。在其C末端,串联的BRCA1 C末端域与磷酸化的组蛋白H2AX结合,在其N末端,叉头相关(FHA)域介导磷酸化增强的同型二聚化。 MDC1,MU2的果蝇同源物的FHA结构域也形成同源二聚体,但利用了不同的二聚体界面。 MDC1家族蛋白二聚化的功能重要性尚不确定。在裂殖酵母裂殖酵母中,一种蛋白质与串联BRCA1 C末端域Mdb1中的MDC1具有同源性,可调节DNA损伤反应和有丝分裂纺锤体功能。在这里,我们报告的Mdb1 N端91个氨基酸的晶体结构。尽管MDC1的FHA结构域缺乏明显的序列保守性,但Mdb1的这一区域仍具有FHA样的折叠,因此被称为Mdb1-FHA。与规范的FHA结构域不同,Mdb1-FHA缺少所有保守的磷酸结合残基。它通过不同于MDC1和MU2的界面形成稳定的同型二聚体。 Mdb1-FHA对于将Mdb1定位到DNA损伤位点和纺锤体中区很重要,有助于Mdb1在细胞对基因毒素和抗微管药物的反应中的作用,并促进Mdb1与磷酸H2A肽的体外结合。可以通过与两个异源二聚化域融合来挽救由Mdb1-FHA缺失引起的缺陷,这表明Mdb1-FHA的主要功能是介导二聚化。我们的数据支持FHA介导的二聚化对于MDC1家族蛋白是保守的。

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