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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science : JAALAS >Predicting the Future: Opportunities and Challenges for the Chemical Industry to Apply 21st-Century Toxicity Testing
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Predicting the Future: Opportunities and Challenges for the Chemical Industry to Apply 21st-Century Toxicity Testing

机译：预测未来：化学工业应用21世纪毒性测试的机遇与挑战

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摘要

Interest in applying 21st-century toxicity testing tools for safety assessment of industrial chemicals is growing. Whereas conventional toxicology uses mainly animal-based, descriptive methods, a paradigm shift is emerging in which computational approaches, systems biology, high-throughput in vitro toxicity assays, and high-throughput exposure assessments are beginning to be applied to mechanism-based risk assessments in a time- and resource-efficient fashion. Here we describe recent advances in predictive safety assessment, with a focus on their strategic application to meet the changing demands of the chemical industry and its stakeholders. The opportunities to apply these new approaches is extensive and include screening of new chemicals, informing the design of safer and more sustainable chemical alternatives, filling information gaps on data-poor chemicals already in commerce, strengthening read-across methodology for categories of chemicals sharing similar modes of action, and optimizing the design of reduced-risk product formulations. Finally, we discuss how these predictive approaches dovetail with in vivo integrated testing strategies within repeated-dose regulatory toxicity studies, which are in line with 3Rs principles to refine, reduce, and replace animal testing. Strategic application of these tools is the foundation for informed and efficient safety assessment testing strategies that can be applied at all stages of the product-development process.
机译：使用21世纪毒性测试工具进行工业化学品安全性评估的兴趣与日俱增。常规毒理学主要使用基于动物的描述性方法，但正在发生一种范式转变，其中计算方法，系统生物学，高通量体外毒性试验和高通量暴露评估已开始应用于基于机制的风险评估以节省时间和资源的方式。在这里，我们描述了预测性安全评估的最新进展，重点是其战略应用以满足化工行业及其利益相关者不断变化的需求。应用这些新方法的机会广泛，包括筛选新化学品，为设计更安全，更可持续的化学品替代方案提供信息，填补已经在商业中使用的数据贫乏化学品的信息空白，加强对共享相似化学品类别的跨学科方法作用方式，并优化低风险产品配方的设计。最后，我们讨论了这些预测方法与重复剂量监管毒性研究中的体内综合测试策略如何吻合，这与3Rs原则相一致，以完善，减少和替代动物测试。这些工具的战略应用是可在产品开发过程的所有阶段应用的知情且有效的安全评估测试策略的基础。

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