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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Iranian Journal of Psychiatry >The Cognitive and Psychological Factors (Personality Driving Behavior and Mental Illnesses) As Predictors in Traffic Violations
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The Cognitive and Psychological Factors (Personality Driving Behavior and Mental Illnesses) As Predictors in Traffic Violations

机译：违反交通规则的认知和心理因素（人格驾驶行为和心理疾病）

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>Objective: Driving is a complex behavior and is affected by several factors. This cohort study aimed at representing the main determinants such as personality features, driving behavior, and mental illnesses on driving violation based on logistic regression. >Method: In this cohort study, 800 heavy truck and lorry drivers were recruited. Participants were selected from those individuals who referred to Imam Sajjad hospital in Tehran, Iran during fall 2013 to summer 2015. Manchester Driving Behavior Questionnaire (MDBQ), Big Five Personality Test (NEO Personality Inventory), and SADS (Semi-Structural Interview) were used in this study. After 2 years, we checked all traffic violations caused by human factors involving the drivers. SPSS Version 18 was used for data analysis; t test and logistic regression (OR) was also used. >Results: The findings of the present study revealed significant differences between the 2 groups of drivers (those who were and were not involved in driving offenses) with respect to controlling the effective and demographic variables. Moreover, it was found that depression and anxiety could increase the chance of accidents (2.4 and 2.7 accidents odds, respectively) (P = 0.04, P = 0.004). Furthermore, just neuroticism could increase 1.1 odds of traffic offences (P = 0.009), but other personality traits did not have an effect on the equation. >Conclusion: Consistent with previous examinations, some mental disorders may affect traffic violations. Considering the magnitude and sensitivity of driving behavior, it is essential to evaluate multiple psychological factors in drivers before and after receiving or renewing their driver’s licenses.
机译：>目标：驾驶是一种复杂的行为，受多种因素影响。这项队列研究旨在基于逻辑回归分析来代表主要特征因素，例如人格特征，驾驶行为和精神疾病，以应对违反驾驶行为。 >方法：在该队列研究中，招募了800名重型卡车和货车司机。参与者选自于2013年秋季至2015年夏季在伊朗德黑兰的伊玛目·萨贾德医院接受转诊的那些人。在这项研究中使用。 2年后，我们检查了所有涉及驾驶员的人为因素造成的交通违规行为。使用SPSS 18版进行数据分析。还使用了t检验和逻辑回归（OR）。 >结果：本研究的结果表明，在控制有效变量和人口统计学变量方面，两组驾驶员（参与和不参与驾驶违法行为）之间存在显着差异。此外，发现抑郁和焦虑会增加发生事故的几率（分别为2.4和2.7）（P = 0.04，P = 0.004）。此外，仅神经质会增加1.1的交通违规几率（P = 0.009），但其他人格特质对此方程没有影响。 >结论：与以前的检查一致，某些精神障碍可能会影响交通违法行为。考虑到驾驶行为的严重性和敏感性，在获得或更新驾照之前和之后，必须评估驾驶员的多种心理因素。

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