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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health >Surveillance of Summer Mortality and Preparedness to Reduce the Health Impact of Heat Waves in Italy
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Surveillance of Summer Mortality and Preparedness to Reduce the Health Impact of Heat Waves in Italy

机译：在意大利进行夏季死亡率监测和防范措施以减少热浪对健康的影响

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Since 2004, the Italian Department for Civil Protection and the Ministry of Health have implemented a national program for the prevention of heat-health effects during summer, which to-date includes 34 major cities and 93% of the residents aged 65 years and over. The Italian program represents an important example of an integrated approach to prevent the impact of heat on health, comprising Heat Health Watch Warning Systems, a mortality surveillance system and prevention activities targeted to susceptible subgroups. City-specific warning systems are based on the relationship between temperature and mortality and serve as basis for the modulation of prevention measures. Local prevention activities, based on the guidelines defined by the Ministry of Health, are constructed around the infrastructures and services available. A key component of the prevention program is the identification of susceptible individuals and the active surveillance by General Practitioners, medical personnel and social workers. The mortality surveillance system enables the timely estimation of the impact of heat, and heat waves, on mortality during summer as well as to the evaluation of warning systems and prevention programs. Considering future predictions of climate change, the implementation of effective prevention programs, targeted to high risk subjects, become a priority in the public health agenda.
机译：自2004年以来，意大利民防部和卫生部已实施了一项防止夏季热健康影响的国家计划，迄今为止，该计划包括34个主要城市和93％65岁以上的居民。意大利计划代表了预防热影响健康的综合方法的重要例子，包括热健康观察预警系统，死亡率监测系统和针对易感人群的预防活动。特定于城市的预警系统基于温度和死亡率之间的关系，并作为调整预防措施的基础。根据卫生部定义的准则，围绕现有的基础设施和服务开展地方预防活动。预防计划的关键组成部分是识别易感人群，并由全科医生，医务人员和社会工作者进行主动监视。死亡率监测系统可以及时估算夏季热量和热浪对死亡率的影响，以及评估预警系统和预防方案。考虑到未来对气候变化的预测，针对高危人群实施有效的预防计划已成为公共卫生议程中的优先事项。

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