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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Elsevier Sponsored Documents >The role of plant-associated bacteria in the mobilization and phytoextraction of trace elements in contaminated soils
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The role of plant-associated bacteria in the mobilization and phytoextraction of trace elements in contaminated soils

机译：植物相关细菌在受污染土壤中微量元素的动员和植物提取中的作用

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Phytoextraction makes use of trace element-accumulating plants that concentrate the pollutants in their tissues. Pollutants can be then removed by harvesting plants. The success of phytoextraction depends on trace element availability to the roots and the ability of the plant to intercept, take up, and accumulate trace elements in shoots. Current phytoextraction practises either employ hyperaccumulators or fast-growing high biomass plants; the phytoextraction process may be enhanced by soil amendments that increase trace element availability in the soil. This review will focus on the role of plant-associated bacteria to enhance trace element availability in the rhizosphere. We report on the kind of bacteria typically found in association with trace element – tolerating or – accumulating plants and discuss how they can contribute to improve trace element uptake by plants and thus the efficiency and rate of phytoextraction. This enhanced trace element uptake can be attributed to a microbial modification of the absorptive properties of the roots such as increasing the root length and surface area and numbers of root hairs, or by increasing the plant availability of trace elements in the rhizosphere and the subsequent translocation to shoots via beneficial effects on plant growth, trace element complexation and alleviation of phytotoxicity. An analysis of data from literature shows that effects of bacterial inoculation on phytoextraction efficiency are currently inconsistent. Some key processes in plant–bacteria interactions and colonization by inoculated strains still need to be unravelled more in detail to allow full-scale application of bacteria assisted phytoremediation of trace element contaminated soils.
机译：植物提取利用痕量元素富集植物将污染物浓缩在其组织中。然后可以通过收割植物去除污染物。植物提取的成功取决于根部微量元素的可用性以及植物在芽中截留，吸收和积累微量元素的能力。当前的植物提取方法要么使用超富集植物，要么使用快速生长的高生物量植物。通过增加土壤中微量元素有效性的土壤改良剂可以增强植物的提取过程。这项审查将侧重于植物相关细菌在增强根际中微量元素有效性方面的作用。我们报告了通常与微量元素耐受或累积的植物相关的细菌种类，并讨论了它们如何有助于改善植物对微量元素的吸收，从而提高植物提取效率和速率。微量元素吸收的增加可以归因于微生物对根吸收特性的改变，例如增加根的长度和表面积以及根毛的数量，或者通过增加根际中微量元素的植物利用率以及随后的易位性通过对植物生长，微量元素复合和减轻植物毒性的有益作用来进行芽接。对文献数据的分析表明，目前细菌接种对植物提取效率的影响尚不一致。为了进一步全面应用细菌辅助植物对痕量元素污染土壤的植物修复，需要进一步详细阐明植物-细菌相互作用和接种菌株定植的一些关键过程。

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