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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Cellular Neuroscience >Lateral hypothalamic orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone neurons provide direct input to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the human
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Lateral hypothalamic orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone neurons provide direct input to gonadotropin-releasing hormone neurons in the human

机译：下丘脑外侧食欲素和黑色素浓缩激素神经元为人体内促性腺激素释放激素神经元提供直接输入

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Hypophysiotropic projections of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)-synthesizing neurons form the final common output way of the hypothalamus in the neuroendocrine control of reproduction. Several peptidergic neuronal systems of the medial hypothalamus innervate human GnRH cells and mediate crucially important hormonal and metabolic signals to the reproductive axis, whereas much less is known about the contribution of the lateral hypothalamic area to the afferent control of human GnRH neurons. Orexin (ORX)- and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH)-synthesizing neurons of this region have been implicated in diverse behavioral and autonomic processes, including sleep and wakefulness, feeding and other functions. In the present immunohistochemical study, we addressed the anatomical connectivity of these neurons to human GnRH cells in post-mortem hypothalamic samples obtained from autopsies. We found that 38.9 ± 10.3% and 17.7 ± 3.3% of GnRH-immunoreactive (IR) perikarya in the infundibular nucleus of human male subjects received ORX-IR and MCH-IR contacts, respectively. On average, each 1 mm segment of GnRH dendrites received 7.3 ± 1.1 ORX-IR and 3.7 ± 0.5 MCH-IR axo-dendritic appositions. Overall, the axo-dendritic contacts dominated over the axo-somatic contacts and represented 80.5 ± 6.4% of ORX-IR and 76.7 ± 4.6% of MCH-IR inputs to GnRH cells. Based on functional evidence from studies of laboratory animals, the direct axo-somatic and axo-dendritic input from ORX and MCH neurons to the human GnRH neuronal system may convey critical metabolic and other homeostatic signals to the reproducive axis. In this study, we also report the generation and characterization of new antibodies for immunohistochemical detection of GnRH neurons in histological sections.
机译：促性腺激素释放激素（GnRH）合成神经元的促体质投射形成下丘脑在神经内分泌控制中的最终共同输出方式。下丘脑内侧的一些肽能神经元系统支配人类GnRH细胞并介导至关重要的激素和代谢信号到生殖轴，而关于下丘脑外侧区域对人GnRH神经元传入控制的贡献知之甚少。该区域的Orexin（ORX）和黑色素浓缩激素（MCH）合成神经元与多种行为和自主过程有关，包括睡眠和清醒，进食和其他功能。在目前的免疫组织化学研究中，我们从尸体解剖获得的尸检后下丘脑样品中，研究了这些神经元与人GnRH细胞的解剖连接。我们发现在男性男性受试者的漏斗状核中，GnRH免疫反应性（IR）核仁中的38.9±10.3％和17.7±3.3％分别接受了ORX-IR和MCH-IR接触。平均而言，GnRH树突的每个1毫米段接受7.3±1.1 ORX-IR和3.7±0.5 MCH-IR轴突树突并置。总体而言，轴突-树突状接触在轴突-体细胞接触上占主导地位，占GnRH细胞输入的ORX-IR的80.5±6.4％和MCH-IR的76.7±4.6％。根据对实验动物进行研究的功能性证据，从ORX和MCH神经元向人GnRH神经元系统的直接轴体和轴突树突状输入可能会将关键的代谢信号和其他体内平衡信号传递至生殖轴。在这项研究中，我们还报告了组织切片中GnRH神经元的免疫组织化学检测新抗体的产生和表征。

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