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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Microbiology >Vertical Segregation and Phylogenetic Characterization of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea in the Sediment of a Freshwater Aquaculture Pond
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Vertical Segregation and Phylogenetic Characterization of Ammonia-Oxidizing Bacteria and Archaea in the Sediment of a Freshwater Aquaculture Pond

机译：淡水养殖池塘沉积物中氨氧化细菌和古生菌的垂直分离和系统发生特征

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Pond aquaculture is the major freshwater aquaculture method in China. Ammonia-oxidizing communities inhabiting pond sediments play an important role in controlling culture water quality. However, the distribution and activities of ammonia-oxidizing microbial communities along sediment profiles are poorly understood in this specific environment. Vertical variations in the abundance, transcription, potential ammonia oxidizing rate, and community composition of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria (AOB) and ammonia-oxidizing archaea (AOA) in sediment samples (0–50 cm depth) collected from a freshwater aquaculture pond were investigated. The concentrations of the AOA amoA gene were higher than those of the AOB by an order of magnitude, which suggested that AOA, as opposed to AOB, were the numerically predominant ammonia-oxidizing organisms in the surface sediment. This could be attributed to the fact that AOA are more resistant to low levels of dissolved oxygen. However, the concentrations of the AOB amoA mRNA were higher than those of the AOA by 2.5- to 39.9-fold in surface sediments (0–10 cm depth), which suggests that the oxidation of ammonia was mainly performed by AOB in the surface sediments, and by AOA in the deeper sediments, where only AOA could be detected. Clone libraries of AOA and AOB amoA sequences indicated that the diversity of AOA and AOB decreased with increasing depth. The AOB community consisted of two groups: the Nitrosospira and Nitrosomonas clusters, and Nitrosomonas were predominant in the freshwater pond sediment. All AOA amoA gene sequences in the 0–2 cm deep sediment were grouped into the Nitrososphaera cluster, while other AOA sequences in deeper sediments (10–15 and 20–25 cm depths) were grouped into the Nitrosopumilus cluster.
机译：池塘养殖是中国主要的淡水养殖方法。居住在池塘沉积物中的氨氧化群落在控制养殖水质中起重要作用。但是，在这种特定环境中，人们对沿沉积物分布的氨氧化微生物群落的分布和活性了解甚少。研究了从淡水养殖池中收集的沉积物样品（0-50厘米深）中氨氧化细菌（AOB）和氨氧化古细菌（AOA）的丰度，转录，潜在的氨氧化速率和群落组成的垂直变化。 AOA amoA基因的浓度比AOB的浓度高一个数量级，这表明AOA与AOB相反，是表面沉积物中数字上占主导地位的氨氧化生物。这可能是由于AOA对低水平的溶解氧具有更高的抵抗力。然而，在表层沉积物（0-10厘米深）中，AOB amoA mRNA的浓度比AOA高2.5- 39.9倍，这表明氨氧化主要由表层沉积物中的AOB进行，以及深部沉积物中的AOA，只能检测到AOA。 AOA和AOB amoA序列的克隆文库表明，AOA和AOB的多样性随着深度的增加而降低。 AOB群落由两个群体组成：亚硝基螺菌和亚硝基梭菌群，亚硝基梭菌主要存在于淡水池塘沉积物中。在0–2 cm深的沉积物中，所有AOA amoA基因序列都被归为硝化球菌群，而在更深的沉积物中（10–15和20–25 cm深度）中的其他AOA序列则被归为亚硝普球菌群。

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