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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Frontiers in Neuroscience >Motor Task-Dependent Dissociated Effects of Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation in a Finger-Tapping Task Versus a Go/No-Go Task on Corticospinal Excitability and Task Performance
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Motor Task-Dependent Dissociated Effects of Transcranial Random Noise Stimulation in a Finger-Tapping Task Versus a Go/No-Go Task on Corticospinal Excitability and Task Performance

机译：轻击任务中的经颅随机噪声刺激与运动任务相关的分离效应与皮质脊髓兴奋性和任务表现的通过/不通过任务相关。

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Background and Objective: Transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) is an emerging non-invasive brain stimulation technique to modulate brain function, with previous studies highlighting its considerable benefits in therapeutic stimulation of the motor system. However, high variability of results and bidirectional task-dependent effects limit more widespread clinical application. Task dependency largely results from a lack of understanding of the interaction between externally applied tRNS and the endogenous state of neural activity during stimulation. Hence, the aim of this study was to investigate the task dependency of tRNS-induced neuromodulation in the motor system using a finger-tapping task (FT) versus a go/no-go task (GNG). We hypothesized that the tasks would modulate tRNS’ effects on corticospinal excitability (CSE) and task performance in opposite directions.Methods: Thirty healthy subjects received 10 min of tRNS of the dominant primary motor cortex in a double-blind, sham-controlled study design. tRNS was applied during two well-established tasks tied to diverging brain states. Accordingly, participants were randomly assigned to two equally-sized groups: the first group performed a simple motor training task (FT task), known primarily to increase CSE, while the second group performed an inhibitory control task (go/no-go task) associated with inhibition of CSE. To establish task-dependent effects of tRNS, CSE was evaluated prior to- and after stimulation with navigated transcranial magnetic stimulation.Results: In an ‘activating’ motor task, tRNS during FT significantly facilitated CSE. FT task performance improvements, shown by training-related reductions in intertap intervals and increased number of finger taps, were similar for both tRNS and sham stimulation. In an ‘inhibitory’ motor task, tRNS during GNG left CSE unchanged while inhibitory control was enhanced as shown by slowed reaction times and enhanced task accuracy during and after stimulation.Conclusion: We provide evidence that tRNS-induced neuromodulatory effects are task-dependent and that resulting enhancements are specific to the underlying task-dependent brain state. While mechanisms underlying this effect require further investigation, these findings highlight the potential of tRNS in enhancing task-dependent brain states to modulate human behavior.
机译：背景和目的：经颅随机噪声刺激（tRNS）是一种新兴的非侵入性脑刺激技术，用于调节脑功能，先前的研究强调了其在治疗运动系统中的巨大益处。但是，结果的高度可变性和双向任务依赖效应限制了更广泛的临床应用。任务依赖性很大程度上是由于对刺激期间外部应用的tRNS与神经活动的内生状态之间的相互作用缺乏了解。因此，本研究的目的是研究使用手指轻敲任务（FT）与执行/不执行任务（GNG）的运动系统中tRNS诱导的神经调节的任务依赖性。我们假设这些任务会在相反方向上调节tRNS对皮质脊髓兴奋性（CSE）和任务绩效的影响。方法： 30名健康受试者在10分钟内两次接受了主要原发性运动皮层的tRNS。盲目，假对照的研究设计。在与脑部状态分散有关的两项既定任务中应用了tRNS。因此，参与者被随机分配到两个相等大小的组中：第一组执行简单的运动训练任务（FT任务），主要是增加CSE，而第二组执行抑制性控制任务（执行/不执行任务）与抑制CSE相关。为了建立tRNS的任务依赖性效应，在经颅经颅磁刺激刺激之前和之后评估了CSE。结果：在“激活”运动任务中，FT期间的tRNS显着促进了CSE。 FT任务绩效的改善，与训练相关的间隔间隔的减少和手指轻击次数的增加，对于tRNS和假刺激均相似。在“抑制性”运动任务中，GNG期间的tRNS可使CSE保持不变，而抑制作用则得到了增强，如在刺激过程中和刺激后反应时间的减慢和任务准确性的提高。结论：我们提供了tRNS诱导的证据神经调节作用取决于任务，并且所产生的增强作用特定于潜在的依赖任务的大脑状态。尽管影响这种作用的机制尚待进一步研究，但这些发现凸显了tRNS在增强依赖于任务的大脑状态来调节人类行为方面的潜力。

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