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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Genomics Society and Policy >Bringing in the controversy: re-politicizing the de-politicized strategy of ethics committees
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Bringing in the controversy: re-politicizing the de-politicized strategy of ethics committees

机译：引发争议：将道德委员会的去政治化策略重新政治化

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Human/animal relations are potentially controversial and biotechnologically produced animals and animal-like creatures – bio-objects such as transgenics, clones, cybrids and other hybrids – have often created lively political debate since they challenge established social and moral norms. Ethical issues regarding the human/animal relations in biotechnological developments have at times been widely debated in many European countries and beyond. However, the general trend is a move away from parliamentary and public debate towards institutionalized ethics and technified expert panels. We explore by using the conceptual lens of bio-objectification what effects such a move can be said to have.In the bio-objectification process, unstable bio-object becomes stabilized and receives a single “bio-identity” by closing the debate. However, we argue that there are other possible routes bio-objectification processes can take, routes that allow for more open-ended cases. By comparing our observations and analyses of deliberations in three different European countries we will explore how the bio-objectification process works in the context of animal ethics committees. From this comparison we found an interesting common feature: When animal biotechnology is discussed in the ethics committees, technical and pragmatic matters are often foregrounded. We noticed that there is a common silence around ethics and a striking consensus culture. The present paper, seeks to understand how the bio-objectification process works so as to silence complexity through consensus as well as to discuss how the ethical issues involved in animal biotechnology could become re-politicized, and thereby made more pluralistic, through an “ethos of controversies”.
机译：人与动物之间的关系可能引起争议，并且通过生物技术生产的动物和类动物（如转基因生物，克隆，混合体和其他杂种动物等生物物体）因挑战既定的社会和道德规范而经常引起热烈的政治辩论。关于生物技术发展中的人/动物关系的伦理问题有时在许多欧洲国家及其他地区引起了广泛的争论。但是，总的趋势是从议会和公众辩论转向制度化的道德规范和技术专家小组。我们使用生物客体化的概念来探讨这种举动可以产生什么效果。在生物客体化过程中，不稳定的生物客体变得稳定并通过结束辩论而获得单一的“生物身份”。但是，我们认为生物对象化过程还可以采取其他可能的途径，这些途径允许更多开放性案例。通过比较我们在三个不同欧洲国家中的审议意见和分析，我们将探讨在动物伦理委员会的背景下生物客体化过程是如何进行的。通过这种比较，我们发现了一个有趣的共同特征：在伦理委员会中讨论动物生物技术时，经常会提到技术和实用问题。我们注意到，在道德规范和共识文化上普遍存在沉默。本文旨在了解生物客体化过程是如何工作的，以便通过共识消除复杂性，并讨论动物生物技术中涉及的伦理问题如何通过“伦理”重新政治化，从而变得更加多元化。争议”。

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