• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Ophthalmology and Eye Diseases >Ophthalmology in North America: Early Stories (1491-1801)
【2h】

Ophthalmology in North America: Early Stories (1491-1801)

机译：北美眼科：早期故事（1491-1801）

代理获取
本网站仅为用户提供外文OA文献查询和代理获取服务，本网站没有原文。下单后我们将采用程序或人工为您竭诚获取高质量的原文，但由于OA文献来源多样且变更频繁，仍可能出现获取不到、文献不完整或与标题不符等情况，如果获取不到我们将提供退款服务。请知悉。
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

New World plants, such as tobacco, tomato, and chili, were held to have beneficial effects on the eyes. Indigenous healers rubbed or scraped the eyes or eyelids to treat inflammation, corneal opacities, and even eye irritation from smoke. European settlers used harsh treatments, such as bleeding and blistering, when the eyes were inflamed or had loss of vision with a normal appearance (gutta serena). In New Spain, surgery for corneal opacity was performed in 1601 and cataract couching in 1611. North American physicians knew of contralateral loss of vision after trauma or surgery (sympathetic ophthalmia), which they called “sympathy.” To date, the earliest identified cataract couching by a surgeon trained in the New World was performed in 1769 by John Bartlett of Rhode Island. The American Revolution negatively affected ophthalmology, as loyalist surgeons were expelled and others were consumed with wartime activities. After the war, cataract extraction was imported to America in earnest and academic development resumed. Charles F Bartlett, the son of John, performed cataract extraction but was also a “rapacious privateer.” In 1801, a doctor in the frontier territory of Kentucky observed anticholinergic poisoning by Datura stramonium (Jimsonweed) and suggested that this agent be applied topically to dilate the pupil before cataract extraction. John Warren at Harvard preferred couching in the 1790s, but, after his son returned from European training, recommended treating angle closure glaucoma by lens extraction. Other eye procedures described or advertised in America before the 19th century included enucleation, resection of conjunctival lesions or periocular tumors, treatment of lacrimal fistula, and fitting of prosthetic eyes.
机译：持有新世界的植物，例如烟草，番茄和辣椒，对眼睛有有益的影响。土著医士擦拭或刮擦眼睛或眼睑，以治疗炎症，角膜混浊甚至烟熏眼。当眼睛发炎或视力丧失且外观正常时，欧洲定居者会使用严厉的治疗方法，例如出血和起泡（gutta serena）。在新西班牙，角膜混浊手术于1601年进行，白内障卧床于1611年进行。迄今为止，由新世界训练有素的外科医生发现的最早的白内障卧床在1769年由罗德岛州的约翰·巴特利特（John Bartlett）进行。美国革命对眼科学产生了负面影响，因为忠实的外科医生被开除，其他人则参加了战时活动。战后，认真地将白内障摘除术进口到美国，并恢复了学术发展。约翰的儿子查尔斯·F·巴特利特（Charles F Bartlett）进行了白内障摘除术，但他还是“强奸犯”。 1801年，肯塔基州边疆地区的一名医生观察到曼陀罗（Jimsonweed）引起的抗胆碱能中毒，并建议在白内障摘除前局部使用这种药物来扩张瞳孔。哈佛大学的约翰·沃伦（John Warren）在1790年代更喜欢卧榻，但是，在他的儿子从欧洲接受培训后，他建议通过晶状体摘除术治疗闭角型青光眼。在19世纪之前在美国描述或宣传的其他眼部手术包括摘除眼球，结膜病变或眼周肿瘤的切除，泪道瘘管的治疗以及假眼的佩戴。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
代理获取

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号