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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Action versus Result-Oriented Schemes in a Grassland Agroecosystem: A Dynamic Modelling Approach
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Action versus Result-Oriented Schemes in a Grassland Agroecosystem: A Dynamic Modelling Approach

机译：草地农业生态系统中行动与结果导向的计划：一种动态建模方法

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Effects of agri-environment schemes (AES) on biodiversity remain controversial. While most AES are action-oriented, result-oriented and habitat-oriented schemes have recently been proposed as a solution to improve AES efficiency. The objective of this study was to compare action-oriented, habitat-oriented and result-oriented schemes in terms of ecological and productive performance as well as in terms of management flexibility. We developed a dynamic modelling approach based on the viable control framework to carry out a long term assessment of the three schemes in a grassland agroecosystem. The model explicitly links grazed grassland dynamics to bird population dynamics. It is applied to lapwing conservation in wet grasslands in France. We ran the model to assess the three AES scenarios. The model revealed the grazing strategies respecting ecological and productive constraints specific to each scheme. Grazing strategies were assessed by both their ecological and productive performance. The viable control approach made it possible to obtain the whole set of viable grazing strategies and therefore to quantify the management flexibility of the grassland agroecosystem. Our results showed that habitat and result-oriented scenarios led to much higher ecological performance than the action-oriented one. Differences in both ecological and productive performance between the habitat and result-oriented scenarios were limited. Flexibility of the grassland agroecosystem in the result-oriented scenario was much higher than in that of habitat-oriented scenario. Our model confirms the higher flexibility as well as the better ecological and productive performance of result-oriented schemes. A larger use of result-oriented schemes in conservation may also allow farmers to adapt their management to local conditions and to climatic variations.
机译：农业环境计划（AES）对生物多样性的影响仍存在争议。尽管大多数AES是面向行动的，但最近已提出了以结果为导向和以栖息地为导向的方案，作为提高AES效率的解决方案。这项研究的目的是在生态和生产绩效以及管理灵活性方面比较以行动为导向，以栖息地为导向和以结果为导向的计划。我们基于可行的控制框架开发了动态建模方法，以对草地农业生态系统中的三种方案进行长期评估。该模型将放牧草地动态与鸟类种群动态明确关联。它被用于法国湿草原的田养护。我们运行模型来评估三种AES方案。该模型揭示了放牧策略，该策略尊重每种方案的生态和生产限制。通过放牧策略的生态和生产绩效对其进行评估。可行的控制方法使获得整套可行的放牧策略成为可能，因此可以量化草地农业生态系统的管理灵活性。我们的结果表明，栖息地和以结果为导向的情景比以行动为导向的情景具有更高的生态绩效。栖息地和注重结果的方案之间在生态和生产性能方面的差异是有限的。以结果为导向的方案中草地农业生态系统的灵活性比以栖息地为导向的方案中的灵活性高得多。我们的模型证实了以结果为导向的计划具有更高的灵活性以及更好的生态和生产性能。在保护中更多使用注重结果的计划，也可能使农民适应当地条件和气候变化来适应其管理。

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