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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Evidence that agricultural use of pesticides selects pyrethroid resistance within Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from cotton growing areas in Burkina Faso, West Africa
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Evidence that agricultural use of pesticides selects pyrethroid resistance within Anopheles gambiae s.l. populations from cotton growing areas in Burkina Faso, West Africa

机译：农业使用农药会在冈比亚按蚊（Anopheles gambiae s.l.）中选择拟除虫菊酯抗药性的证据。西非布基纳法索棉花种植区的种群

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Many studies have shown the role of agriculture in the selection and spread of resistance of Anopheles gambiae s.l. to insecticides. However, no study has directly demonstrated the presence of insecticides in breeding sources as a source of selection for this resistance. It is in this context that we investigated the presence of pesticide residues in breeding habitats and their formal involvement in vector resistance to insecticides in areas of West Africa with intensive farming. This study was carried out from June to November 2013 in Dano, southwest Burkina Faso in areas of conventional (CC) and biological cotton (BC) growing. Water and sediment samples collected from breeding sites located near BC and CC fields were submitted for chromatographic analysis to research and titrate the residual insecticide content found there. Larvae were also collected in these breeding sites and used in toxicity tests to compare their mortality to those of the susceptible strain, Anopheles gambiae Kisumu. All tested mosquitoes (living and dead) were analyzed by PCR for species identification and characterization of resistance genes. The toxicity analysis of water from breeding sites showed significantly lower mortality rates in breeding site water from biological cotton (WBC) growing sites compared to that from conventional cotton (WCC) sites respective to both An. gambiae Kisumu (WBC: 80.75% vs WCC: 92.75%) and a wild-type strain (49.75% vs 66.5%). The allele frequencies L1014F, L1014S kdr, and G116S ace -1R mutations conferring resistance, respectively, to pyrethroids and carbamates / organophosphates were 0.95, 0.4 and 0.12. Deltamethrin and lambda-cyhalothrin were identified in the water samples taken in October/November from mosquitoes breeding in the CC growing area. The concentrations obtained were respectively 0.0147ug/L and 1.49 ug/L to deltamethrin and lambdacyhalothrin. Our results provided evidence by direct analysis (biological and chromatographic tests) of the role of agriculture as a source of selection pressure on vectors to insecticides used in growing areas.
机译：许多研究表明农业在冈比亚按蚊的抗性选择和传播中的作用。杀虫剂。但是，没有研究直接证明在繁殖源中存在杀虫剂作为选择抗药性的来源。在这种背景下，我们调查了集约化生境中农药残留的存在及其在西非集约化农业地区对杀虫剂媒介抗性的正式参与。这项研究于2013年6月至11月在布基纳法索西南部的达诺市进行了常规种植和生物棉种植的地区。从位于BC和CC领域附近的繁殖地点收集的水和沉积物样品提交色谱分析，以研究和滴定在那里发现的残留杀虫剂含量。还从这些繁殖地点收集了幼虫，并将其用于毒性试验，以将其死亡率与易感冈比亚按蚊（Anopheles gambiae Kisumu）的死亡率进行比较。通过PCR分析所有测试的蚊子（活着的和死亡的），以鉴定种类和鉴定抗性基因。来自繁殖场的水的毒性分析表明，与分别来自两个棉田的常规棉花（WCC）场相比，生物棉（WBC）生长场的繁殖场水的死亡率显着降低。冈比亚基苏木（WBC：80.75％vs WCC：92.75％）和野生型毒株（49.75％vs 66.5％）。等位基因频率L1014F，L1014S kdr和G116S ace -1 R 突变分别赋予拟除虫菊酯和氨基甲酸酯/有机磷酸酯抗性，分别为0.95、0.4和0.12。在10月/ 11月从CC产区繁殖的蚊子中采集的水样中鉴定出了溴氰菊酯和氟氯氰菊酯。相对于溴氰菊酯和lambdacyhalothrin的浓度分别为0.0147ug / L和1.49ug / L。我们的结果通过直接分析（生物学和色谱测试）提供了证据，证明了农业作为生长区使用的杀虫剂载体选择压力的来源。

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