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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Providing longer post-fledging periods increases offspring survival at the expense of future fecundity
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Providing longer post-fledging periods increases offspring survival at the expense of future fecundity

机译：提供更长的出雏期可以增加后代的生存，但会牺牲未来的繁殖力

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摘要

The cost of reproduction is a key concept in life-history trade-offs. However, our understanding of the reproductive costs is biased towards measures of reproductive effort obtained before offspring independence. During the post-fledging dependence period (PFDP), it is well known that parents feed and protect their offspring. However, the effort devoted to this reproductive activity has never been considered in the context of of the costs of reproduction. Moreover, the potential fitness benefits and costs for offspring and parents, respectively, of the duration of the PFDP are largely unknown. We estimated the duration of the PFDP over 5 years using wild common kestrels (Falco tinnunculus) and studied its association with survival probability and future parental reproductive performance. Our results show that longer PFDPs increase the survival probability of fledglings, probably due to the benefits obtained from parental care. In addition, we found that providing longer PFDPs was associated with reduced clutch sizes but not the number of fledglings in the subsequent breeding season in males. We suggest that increased parental expenditures on offspring during the PFDP may represent a potential cost of reproduction in breeding males.
机译：复制的成本是生活史权衡的关键概念。但是，我们对生殖成本的理解偏向于在后代独立之前获得的生殖工作量度。在出世后的依赖期（PFDP），众所周知，父母会喂养并保护自己的后代。但是，从未在生殖成本的背景下考虑过致力于这种生殖活动的努力。此外，PFDP持续期间分别为后代和父母带来的潜在健康益处和成本尚不清楚。我们使用野生common（Falco tinnunculus）估计了PFDP在5年内的持续时间，并研究了其与生存概率和未来父母生殖能力的关系。我们的结果表明，更长的PFDP可以增加雏鸟的存活率，这可能是由于父母照顾带来的好处。此外，我们发现提供更长的PFDP与减少公仔的大小有关，但与随后的繁殖季节中雄性幼雏的数量没有关系。我们建议，PFDP期间父母对后代的支出增加可能代表繁殖雄性的潜在繁殖成本。

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