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The effects of the Nepal community forestry program on biodiversity conservation and carbon storage

机译：尼泊尔社区林业计划对生物多样性保护和碳储存的影响

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Approximately 15.5% of global forest is controlled by ~1 billion local people and the area under community control is increasing. However, there is limited empirical evidence as to whether community control is effective in providing critical global ecosystem services, such as biodiversity conservation and carbon storage. We assess the effectiveness of one example of community-controlled forest, Nepal’s Community Forestry Program (CFP), at providing biodiversity conservation and carbon storage. Using data from 620 randomly selected CFP and non-CFP forest plots, we apply a robust matching method based on covariates to estimate whether CFPs are associated with greater biodiversity conservation or carbon storage. Our results reveal a significant positive effect of CFP on biodiversity, which is robust against the influence of unobserved covariates. Our results also suggest a significant negative effect of the CFP on aboveground tree and sapling carbon (AGC) at the national scale (-15.11 Mg C ha-1). However, the CFP has a mixed effect on carbon across geographic and topographic regions and in forests with different canopy covers. Though there were no significant effects of the CFP on AGC at lower altitudes, in the Terai or hill regions, and under closed canopies, there were positive effects in open canopies (25.84 Mg C ha-1) at lower slopes (25.51 Mg C ha-1) and negative effects at higher altitudes (-22.81 Mg C ha-1) and higher slopes (-17.72 Mg C ha-1). Our sensitivity analysis revealed that the positive effects are robust to unobserved covariates, which is not true for the negative results. In aggregate, our results demonstrate that CFP can be an effective forest management strategy to contribute to global ecosystem services such as biodiversity, and to a lesser extent carbon.
机译：全球约有15.5％的森林是由约10亿当地人控制的，并且社区控制的面积正在增加。但是，关于社区控制在提供关键的全球生态系统服务（例如生物多样性保护和碳储存）方面是否有效的经验证据有限。我们评估了尼泊尔社区森林计划（CFP）这样的社区控制森林示例在提供生物多样性保护和碳储存方面的有效性。利用来自620个随机选择的CFP和非CFP森林地块的数据，我们基于协变量应用了一种鲁棒的匹配方法来估计CFP是否与更大的生物多样性保护或碳储量相关。我们的结果表明，CFP对生物多样性具有显着的积极影响，可以有效抵抗未观察到的协变量的影响。我们的研究结果还表明，在全国范围内（-15.11 Mg C ha -1 ），CFP对地上树木和树苗碳（AGC）具有显着的负面影响。但是，CFP对地理和地形区域以及具有不同树冠覆盖率的森林中的碳有不同的影响。尽管在较低的海拔，特莱或丘陵地区以及封闭的冠层下，CFP对AGC没有明显影响，但在开放的冠层（25.84 Mg C ha -1 ）中，CFP具有积极的作用。较低的坡度（25.51 Mg C ha -1 ）和较高的海拔高度（-22.81 Mg C ha -1 ）和较高的坡度（-17.72 Mg C ha > -1 ）。我们的敏感性分析表明，积极作用对未观察到的协变量具有鲁棒性，而对于消极结果则并非如此。总体而言，我们的结果表明，CFP可以是一种有效的森林管理策略，有助于为生物多样性等全球生态系统服务做出贡献，并在较小程度上为碳做出贡献。

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