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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Variation in activity rates may explain sex-specific dorsal color patterns in Habronattus jumping spiders
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Variation in activity rates may explain sex-specific dorsal color patterns in Habronattus jumping spiders

机译：活动率的变化可能解释了Habronattus跳跃蜘蛛中特定于性别的背色模式

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In many animals, color pattern and behavior interact to deceive predators. For mimics, such deception can range from precise (near-perfect mimicry) to only subtle resemblance (imperfect mimicry) and such strategies often differ by sex because of differing ecological selection pressures. In this field study, we examine variation in behavior and ecology that may be linked with sex differences in dorsal color pattern in three sympatric species of Habronattus jumping spiders (H. clypeatus, H. hallani, H. pyrrithrix). Males of these species have conspicuous dorsal patterning that is subtly reminiscent of the general color patterns of wasps and bees, while females are cryptic. We show that, compared with females, these conspicuous males exhibited increased leg-waving behavior outside of the context of courtship; such behavior is common in jumping spiders that mimic wasps and bees presumably because a mimic’s waving legs resemble antennae. Males of a fourth sympatric species (H. hirsutus) without conspicuous dorsal patterning did not exhibit increased leg-waving. These results are consistent with and offer preliminary support for the idea that male color and behavior may work together to deceive predators. We also examined whether higher movement rates of males (who must wander to find females) and/or different use of the microhabitat by the sexes could explain sexual dichromatism. We found that microhabitat use was similar for males and females, but males of all three conspicuously-colored species spent more time actively moving than females. To our knowledge, this is the first study to speculate that conspicuous male dorsal coloration in Habronattus may have a deceptive function, and to explore why dorsal coloration differs between the sexes.
机译：在许多动物中，颜色图案和行为相互作用以欺骗食肉动物。对于模仿者，这种欺骗行为的范围可以从精确的（近乎完美的模仿）到只有细微的相似（不完美的模仿），并且由于不同的生态选择压力，这种策略通常因性别而异。在本田野研究中，我们研究了行为和生态学的变化，这些变化可能与三种Habronattus跳跃蜘蛛（H. clypeatus，H。hallani，H。pyrrithrix）同伴物种的背色模式的性别差异有关。这些物种的雄性具有明显的背侧图案，微妙地让人联想到黄蜂和蜜蜂的一般颜色图案，而雌性则是隐秘的。我们表明，与女性相比，这些显眼的男性在求爱的背景下表现出越来越多的挥腿行为。这种行为在模仿黄蜂和蜜蜂的跳跃蜘蛛中很常见，大概是因为模仿者的挥舞的双腿像触角。没有明显的背侧图案的第四同胞种（H. hirsutus）的雄性没有表现出增加的挥腿动作。这些结果与男性的肤色和行为可能一起欺骗食肉动物的观点一致并为其提供了初步的支持。我们还研究了男性较高的运动速度（必须徘徊才能找到女性）和/或性别对微栖息地的不同使用是否可以解释性两色性。我们发现，雄性和雌性的微生境使用情况相似，但是所有三种显色物种的雄性活动时间都比雌性多。据我们所知，这是第一个推测哈勃罗那图斯男性背部明显着色可能具有欺骗功能的研究，并探讨了为什么男性背部着色会有所不同。

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