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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>PLoS Clinical Trials >Advertisement of unreceptivity – Perfume modifications of mason bee females (Osmia bicornis and O. cornuta) and a non-existing antiaphrodisiac
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Advertisement of unreceptivity – Perfume modifications of mason bee females (Osmia bicornis and O. cornuta) and a non-existing antiaphrodisiac

机译：不能接受的广告–梅森蜜蜂雌性香水（Osmia bicornis和O. cornuta）的修饰和不存在的抗壮阳药

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Females of many monandrous insect species announce their receptivity either by specialised sex-pheromones or by a signature mixture of cuticular hydrocarbons (CHCs). The trigger that shuts down the sex-pheromone release or initialises a change in CHC bouquet is thought to be either the mating per se or male pheromones transferred during copulation. Besides a conversion of female volatiles, the application of antiaphrodisiacs, male derived pheromones that render mated females unattractive to competitors, is another strategy to protect females from further sexual chasings. This simple pattern becomes more complicated in the monandrous mason bees Osmia bicornis (syn: O. rufa) and O. cornuta due to a post-copulation phase in their mating sequence. Males display a stereotypic behaviour right after the intromission that induces females’ unreceptivity. This post-copulatory display is predestined both to trigger a transition of the CHC profile and for the application of an antiaphrodisiac. However, the postulated antiaphrodisiac was not detectable even on freshly mated females. Moreover, the male’s post-copulatory display did not trigger a change in the CHC bouquet and neither did the insemination. Instead the CHC profile of freshly emerged females changes into the bouquet of nesting females simply by age as an ontogenetic process in both Osmia species. This autonomous change in the CHC profile coincides with an age-specific decrease of young female’s willingness to mate. How the resulting short period of female receptivity without back coupling by storage of sperm and the lack of an antiaphrodisiac fit into the behavioural ecology of the studied mason bee species is discussed.
机译：许多特殊昆虫的雌性通过专门的性信息素或表皮碳氢化合物（CHC）的特征性混合物宣布它们的接受性。认为关闭性信息素释放或初始化CHC花束改变的触发因素是交配本身或在交配过程中转移的雄性信息素。除了转换女性挥发物外，应用抗性欲增强剂（一种雄性信息素，使交配的雌性对竞争对手没有吸引力）是保护雌性免受进一步性追赶的另一种策略。由于交配后的交配阶段，这种简单的模式在单子梅森蜜蜂Osmia bicornis（syn：O. rufa）和O. cornuta中变得更加复杂。男性在性交后会表现出刻板印象，这会诱发女性的不接纳感。这种交配后的显示既可以触发CHC曲线的过渡，又可以用于抗壮阳药。但是，即使在刚交配的雌性动物中也无法检测到假定的抗壮阳药。此外，男性交配后的展示并没有触发CHC花束的变化，也没有授精。取而代之的是，随着年龄的增长，两种成年雌性的新陈代谢雌性的CHC谱图简单地变成了成巢雌性的花束。 CHC资料中的这种自主变化与特定年龄段的年轻女性交配意愿的降低相吻合。讨论了如何在短时间内获得女性接受性，而不会因精子的储存而产生反向耦合，并且缺乏抗壮阳药，这与所研究的梅森蜜蜂物种的行为生态学相适应。

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