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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America >Community-level phenological response to climate change
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Community-level phenological response to climate change

机译：社区一级对气候变化的物候响应

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Climate change may disrupt interspecies phenological synchrony, with adverse consequences to ecosystem functioning. We present here a 40-y-long time series on 10,425 dates that were systematically collected in a single Russian locality for 97 plant, 78 bird, 10 herptile, 19 insect, and 9 fungal phenological events, as well as for 77 climatic events related to temperature, precipitation, snow, ice, and frost. We show that species are shifting their phenologies at dissimilar rates, partly because they respond to different climatic factors, which in turn are shifting at dissimilar rates. Plants have advanced their spring phenology even faster than average temperature has increased, whereas migratory birds have shown more divergent responses and shifted, on average, less than plants. Phenological events of birds and insects were mainly triggered by climate cues (variation in temperature and snow and ice cover) occurring over the course of short periods, whereas many plants, herptiles, and fungi were affected by long-term climatic averages. Year-to-year variation in plants, herptiles, and insects showed a high degree of synchrony, whereas the phenological timing of fungi did not correlate with any other taxonomic group. In many cases, species that are synchronous in their year-to-year dynamics have also shifted in congruence, suggesting that climate change may have disrupted phenological synchrony less than has been previously assumed. Our results illustrate how a multidimensional change in the physical environment has translated into a community-level change in phenology.
机译：气候变化可能破坏种间物候同步，对生态系统功能产生不利影响。在这里，我们介绍了一个在10,425个日期上长达40年的时间序列，这些序列是在一个俄罗斯地方系统收集的，涉及97种植物，78种鸟类，10种疱疹，19种昆虫和9种真菌物候事件，以及77种与气候相关的事件温度，降水，雪，冰和霜冻。我们表明，物种以不同的速率改变物候，部分原因是它们对不同的气候因素做出了反应，而气候因素又以不同的速率改变。植物的春季物候发展甚至快于平均温度的升高，而候鸟则表现出更多的发散反应，并且平均而言迁移的幅度小于植物。鸟类和昆虫的物候事件主要是由在短期内发生的气候线索（温度，雪和冰覆盖的变化）触发的，而许多植物，疱疹和真菌受到长期气候平均值的影响。植物，疱疹和昆虫的逐年变化显示出高度的同步性，而真菌的物候时序与任何其他分类组均不相关。在许多情况下，年动态同步的物种在一致性方面也发生了变化，这表明气候变化对物候同步的破坏作用可能比以前的假设要少。我们的结果说明了物理环境中的多维变化如何转化为物候方面的社区层面的变化。

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