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Groundwater and human development: synergies and trade-offs within the context of the sustainable development goals

机译:地下水与人类发展:在可持续发展目标范围内的协同增效与权衡

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摘要

This article argues that groundwater—accounting for 98% of all fresh water on earth—is central to human development. Drawing upon studies at the regional and sub-regional level, this review article explores synergies and trade-offs between groundwater development and human development. On one hand, groundwater exploitation may enhance human development. Groundwater’s “untapped potential” related to various aspects of human development involves (a) water supply for irrigation and domestic purposes; (b) climate change adaptation and hydrological resilience; (c) hydrogeological storage of CO2; and (d) access to (renewable) energy. On the other hand, human development may come at the expense of quality deterioration or depletion of groundwater. The review concludes that achieving a sound understanding of local groundwater characteristics and human impact on groundwater resources across scales is paramount to implementing the sustainable development goals in an integrated manner.
机译:本文认为,地下水(占地球上所有淡水的98%)对人类发展至关重要。本文以区域和次区域的研究为基础,探讨了地下水开发与人类发展之间的协同作用和权衡取舍。一方面,地下水开采可以促进人类发展。与人类发展的各个方面相关的地下水的“未开发潜力”包括:(a)灌溉和家庭用水; (b)适应气候变化和水文复原力; (c)二氧化碳的水文地质封存; (d)获得(可再生)能源。另一方面,人类的发展可能以地下水质量恶化或枯竭为代价。审查的结论是,全面了解当地的地下水特征和人类对地下水资源的影响,对于以综合方式实现可持续发展目标至关重要。

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