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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Statistical and methodological problems with concreteness and other semantic variables: A list memory experiment case study
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Statistical and methodological problems with concreteness and other semantic variables: A list memory experiment case study

机译：具有具体性和其他语义变量的统计和方法问题：列表记忆实验案例研究

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The purpose of this article is to highlight problems with a range of semantic psycholinguistic variables (concreteness, imageability, individual modality norms, and emotional valence) and to provide a way of avoiding these problems. Focusing on concreteness, I show that for a large class of words in the Brysbaert, Warriner, and Kuperman (Behavior Research Methods 46: 904–911, ) concreteness norms, the mean concreteness values do not reflect the judgments that actual participants made. This problem applies to nearly every word in the middle of the concreteness scale. Using list memory experiments as a case study, I show that many of the “abstract” stimuli in concreteness experiments are not unequivocally abstract. Instead, they are simply those words about which participants tend to disagree. I report three replications of list memory experiments in which the contrast between concrete and abstract stimuli was maximized, so that the mean concreteness values were accurate reflections of participants’ judgments. The first two experiments did not produce a concreteness effect. After I introduced an additional control, the third experiment did produce a concreteness effect. The article closes with a discussion of the implications of these results, as well as a consideration of variables other than concreteness. The sensorimotor experience variables (imageability and individual modality norms) show the same distribution as concreteness. The distribution of emotional valence scores is healthier, but variability in ratings takes on a special significance for this measure because of how the scale is constructed. I recommend that researchers using these variables keep the standard deviations of the ratings of their stimuli as low as possible.
机译：本文的目的是强调一系列语义心理语言变量（具体性，可成像性，个体情态规范和情感价）的问题，并提供一种避免这些问题的方法。着眼于具体性，我表明对于Brysbaert，Warriner和Kuperman中的一大类词语（行为研究方法46：904–911，），具体性规范的平均具体性值不能反映实际参与者所做的判断。这个问题几乎适用于具体等级中间的每个单词。使用列表记忆实验作为案例研究，我证明了具体性实验中的许多“抽象”刺激并不是明确地抽象的。相反，它们只是参与者倾向于不同意的那些词语。我报告了列表记忆实验的三个重复，其中具体刺激与抽象刺激之间的对比被最大化，因此平均具体值是参与者判断的准确反映。前两个实验未产生具体效果。在引入其他控件后，第三个实验确实产生了具体效果。文章最后讨论了这些结果的含义，以及对除具体性以外的变量的考虑。感觉运动经验变量（可成像性和个人形态规范）显示出与具体性相同的分布。情绪化合价分数的分布更健康，但是由于量表的构建方式，评分的可变性对该方法具有特殊意义。我建议研究人员使用这些变量将刺激等级的标准偏差保持在尽可能低的水平。

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