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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Springer Open Choice >Sheldon spectrum and the plankton paradox: two sides of the same coin—a trait-based plankton size-spectrum model
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Sheldon spectrum and the plankton paradox: two sides of the same coin—a trait-based plankton size-spectrum model

机译：谢尔登光谱和浮游生物悖论：同一枚硬币的两个面-基于特征的浮游生物尺寸谱模型

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摘要

The Sheldon spectrum describes a remarkable regularity in aquatic ecosystems: the biomass density as a function of logarithmic body mass is approximately constant over many orders of magnitude. While size-spectrum models have explained this phenomenon for assemblages of multicellular organisms, this paper introduces a species-resolved size-spectrum model to explain the phenomenon in unicellular plankton. A Sheldon spectrum spanning the cell-size range of unicellular plankton necessarily consists of a large number of coexisting species covering a wide range of characteristic sizes. The coexistence of many phytoplankton species feeding on a small number of resources is known as the Paradox of the Plankton. Our model resolves the paradox by showing that coexistence is facilitated by the allometric scaling of four physiological rates. Two of the allometries have empirical support, the remaining two emerge from predator–prey interactions exactly when the abundances follow a Sheldon spectrum. Our plankton model is a scale-invariant trait-based size-spectrum model: it describes the abundance of phyto- and zooplankton cells as a function of both size and species trait (the maximal size before cell division). It incorporates growth due to resource consumption and predation on smaller cells, death due to predation, and a flexible cell division process. We give analytic solutions at steady state for both the within-species size distributions and the relative abundances across species.
机译：谢尔顿光谱描述了水生生态系统中的显着规律性：生物量密度作为对数体重的函数在许多数量级上近似恒定。虽然大小光谱模型已经解释了多细胞生物集合体的这种现象，但本文介绍了一种物种分辨的大小光谱模型来解释单细胞浮游生物中的现象。跨越单细胞浮游生物的细胞大小范围的谢尔顿光谱必定由大量共存物种组成，这些物种涵盖各种特征尺寸。以少量资源为食的许多浮游植物物种的共存被称为浮游生物悖论。我们的模型通过显示四种生理速率的异度缩放促进了共存，从而解决了这一矛盾。两种同种异形有经验支持，而其余两种恰好在丰度遵循谢尔顿光谱时从捕食者与猎物的相互作用中出现。我们的浮游生物模型是基于尺度不变性状的大小-光谱模型：它描述了浮游植物和浮游动物细胞的丰度，它是大小和物种性状（细胞分裂前的最大大小）的函数。它合并了由于资源消耗和较小细胞上的捕食而导致的生长，由于捕食而导致的死亡以及灵活的细胞分裂过程。我们为物种内部的大小分布和物种间的相对丰度提供了稳态的解析解。

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