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The History of African Village Chickens: an Archaeological and Molecular Perspective

机译：非洲乡村小鸡的历史：考古学和分子学的视角

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The history of the introduction and dispersal of village chickens across the African continent is a subject of intense debate and speculation among scholars. Here, we synthesize and summarise the current scientific genetic and nongenetic knowledge in relation to the history of the species on the continent. Sociocultural, linguistic, archaeological and historic data all suggest a complex history for the species in Africa, characterized by multiple maritime and/or terrestrial introductions over time and several dispersal routes towards and within Africa. Molecular genetics information supports these observations and in addition suggests possible Asian centers of origin for African domestic chickens, including South Asia and Island Southeast Asia. However, both sets of data were until now too limited in their geographic scope, both within Africa and in comparison with chickens from Asia, to unravel the history of the species in detail. We anticipate that further continent-wide studies combining archaeological, ancient and/or modern genetic information may shed new insights on the history of the species. These will contribute to a deeper understanding of the history of trading networks and human interactions within Africa and between African and Asian societies, at the root of the development and expansion of African civilizations.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (doi:10.1007/s10437-013-9128-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
机译：在整个非洲大陆上引入和散布乡村鸡的历史是学者之间激烈辩论和猜测的主题。在这里，我们综合并总结了有关该大陆物种历史的当前科学遗传和非遗传知识。社会文化，语言学，考古学和历史数据都表明该物种在非洲具有复杂的历史，其特征是随着时间的推移多次引入海洋和/或陆地，以及通往非洲和在非洲内部的多种传播途径。分子遗传学信息支持了这些观察结果，此外还暗示了非洲家禽的亚洲起源中心，包括南亚和东南亚的岛屿。但是，到目前为止，在非洲内部以及与来自亚洲的鸡相比，这两组数据的地理范围都太有限了，无法详细揭示该物种的历史。我们预计，结合考古，古代和/或现代遗传信息的进一步的全大陆研究可能会对该物种的历史产生新的见解。这些将有助于更深入地了解非洲内部以及非洲和亚洲社会之间贸易网络和人类互动的历史，这是非洲文明发展和扩张的根源。电子补充材料本文的在线版本（doi：10.1007 / s10437-013-9128-1）包含补充材料，授权用户可以使用。

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