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首页> 美国卫生研究院文献>Taylor Francis Open Select >Epidemiology diagnostics and management of tuberculosis in domestic cattle and deer in New Zealand in the face of a wildlife reservoir
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Epidemiology diagnostics and management of tuberculosis in domestic cattle and deer in New Zealand in the face of a wildlife reservoir

机译：面对野生动物水库新西兰家养牛和鹿的结核病流行病学诊断和管理

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The control of tuberculosis (TB) in cattle and farmed deer in New Zealand has been greatly influenced by the existence of a wildlife reservoir of Mycobacterium bovis infection, principally the Australian brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). The reduction in possum numbers in areas with endemic M. bovis infection through vigorous vector control operations has been a major contributor to the marked reduction in the number of infected cattle and farmed deer herds in the past two decades. Management of TB in cattle and farmed deer in New Zealand has involved a combination of vector control, regionalisation of diagnostic testing of cattle and deer herds, abattoir surveillance and movement control from vector risk areas. Accurate diagnosis of infected cattle and deer has been a crucial component in the control programme. As the control programme has evolved, test requirements have changed and new tests have been introduced or test interpretations modified. Subspecific strain typing of M. bovis isolates has proved to be a valuable component in the epidemiological investigation of herd breakdowns to identify whether the source of infection was domestic livestock or wildlife. New initiatives will include the use of improved models for analysing diagnostic test data and characterising disease outbreaks leading to faster elimination of infection from herds. The introduction of the National Animal Identification Tracing programme will allow better risk profiling of individual herds and more reliable tracing of animal movements. TB in cattle and farmed deer in New Zealand can only be controlled by eliminating the disease in both domestic livestock and the wildlife reservoir.
机译：新西兰牛和养殖鹿的结核病（TB）的控制受到牛分枝杆菌感染的野生动植物库（主要是澳大利亚刷尾负鼠（Trichosurus vulpecula））的存在的影响。通过有力的病媒控制操作，地方性牛分枝杆菌感染地区的负鼠数量减少，这是过去二十年来感染牛和养殖鹿群数量显着减少的主要原因。在新西兰，牛和养殖鹿的结核病管理涉及病媒控制，牛和鹿群诊断检测区域化，屠宰场监视和病媒危险区域移动控制等方面的结合。准确诊断感染牛和鹿已成为控制计划的关键组成部分。随着控制程序的发展，测试要求已发生变化，新的测试已被引入或测试解释被修改。牛分枝杆菌分离株的亚特异性菌株类型已被证明是牛群击穿的流行病学调查中的重要组成部分，以确定感染源是家畜还是野生动植物。新的举措将包括使用改进的模型来分析诊断测试数据并确定疾病暴发的特征，从而更快地消除牛群感染。国家动物识别追踪计划的引入将使个体畜群的风险分析更好，动物追踪更可靠。只能通过消除家畜和野生动植物库中的疾病来控制新西兰牛和养殖鹿的结核病。

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