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Structural and functional differences in PHOX2B frameshift mutations underlie isolated or syndromic congenital central hypoventilation syndrome

机译:PHOX2B移码突变的结构和功能差异是孤立性或综合症先天性中央通气不足综合征的基础

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摘要

Heterozygous mutations in the PHOX2B gene are causative of congenital central hypoventilation syndrome (CCHS), a neurocristopathy characterized by defective autonomic control of breathing due to the impaired differentiation of neural crest cells. Among PHOX2B mutations, polyalanine (polyAla) expansions are almost exclusively associated with isolated CCHS, whereas frameshift variants, although less frequent, are often more severe than polyAla expansions and identified in syndromic CCHS. This article provides a complete review of all the frameshift mutations identified in cases of isolated and syndromic CCHS reported in the literature as well as those identified by us and not yet published. These were considered in terms of both their structure, whether the underlying indels induced frameshifts of either 1 or 2 steps (“frame 2” and “frame 3” mutations respectively), and clinical associations. Furthermore, we evaluated the structural and functional effects of one “frame 3” mutation identified in a patient with isolated CCHS, and one “frame 2” mutation identified in a patient with syndromic CCHS, also affected with Hirschsprung's disease and neuroblastoma. The data thus obtained confirm that the type of translational frame affects the severity of the transcriptional dysfunction and the predisposition to isolated or syndromic CCHS.
机译:PHOX2B基因中的杂合突变是先天性中枢通气不足综合征(CCHS)的病因,后者是一种神经性克里斯托病,其特征是由于神经c细胞分化受损而导致呼吸自主控制功能缺陷。在PHOX2B突变中,聚丙氨酸(polyAla)扩增几乎只与孤立的CCHS相关,而移码变体虽然不那么频繁,但通常比polyAla扩增更严重,并在症状性CCHS中得到鉴定。本文全面回顾了文献中报道的孤立和综合征性CCHS病例中鉴定出的所有移码突变,以及我们鉴定出但尚未发表的那些。考虑了它们的结构,潜在的插入缺失诱导1步或2步的移码(分别是“第2帧”和“第3帧”突变)以及临床相关性。此外,我们评估了在孤立的CCHS患者中鉴定出的一种“第3框”突变和在综合征性CCHS患者中鉴定出的一种“第2框”突变在结构和功能上的作用,这些患者也患有赫氏弹簧病和成神经细胞瘤。如此获得的数据证实,翻译框的类型影响转录功能障碍的严重程度以及对分离或综合征CCHS的易感性。

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