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Highly relativistic radiation belt electron acceleration transport and loss: Large solar storm events of March and June 2015

机译:高度相对论的辐射带电子加速传输和损耗:2015年3月和2015年6月的大型太阳风暴事件

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摘要

Two of the largest geomagnetic storms of the last decade were witnessed in 2015. On 17 March 2015, a coronal mass ejection‐driven event occurred with a Dst (storm time ring current index) value reaching −223 nT. On 22 June 2015 another strong storm (Dst reaching −204 nT) was recorded. These two storms each produced almost total loss of radiation belt high‐energy (E ≳ 1 MeV) electron fluxes. Following the dropouts of radiation belt fluxes there were complex and rather remarkable recoveries of the electrons extending up to nearly 10 MeV in kinetic energy. The energized outer zone electrons showed a rich variety of pitch angle features including strong “butterfly” distributions with deep minima in flux at α = 90°. However, despite strong driving of outer zone earthward radial diffusion in these storms, the previously reported “impenetrable barrier” at L ≈ 2.8 was pushed inward, but not significantly breached, and no E ≳ 2.0 MeV electrons were seen to pass through the radiation belt slot region to reach the inner Van Allen zone. Overall, these intense storms show a wealth of novel features of acceleration, transport, and loss that are demonstrated in the present detailed analysis.
机译:2015年见证了过去十年中两次最大的地磁风暴。2015年3月17日,发生了由日冕物质抛射驱动的事件,Dst(风暴时环电流指数)值达到-223 nT。 2015年6月22日,记录到另一场强风暴(Dst达到-204 nT)。这两场风暴各自造成辐射带高能(E≳1 MeV)电子通量的几乎全部损失。随着辐射带通量的下降,电子的动能得到了复杂且相当显着的恢复,延伸至近10 MeV。通电的外部区域电子表现出丰富的俯仰角特征,包括强大的“蝴蝶”分布,并且在α= 90°时通量极小。然而,尽管在这些风暴中强烈推动了外区向地球的径向扩散,但先前报道的L≈2.8处的“不可穿透的屏障”被向内推入,但并未被明显突破,并且没有看到E≳2.0 MeV电子穿过辐射带槽区域到达内部Van Allen区。总体而言,这些强烈的风暴显示出许多加速,运输和损失的新颖特征,这些特征在本详细分析中得到了证明。

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