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Roads and bats: a meta‐analysis and review of the evidence on vehicle collisions and barrier effects

机译：道路和蝙蝠：对车辆碰撞和障碍影响的证据进行荟萃分析和审查

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class="enumerated" style="list-style-type:decimal" id="mam12072-list-0001">Roads are a potential threat to bat conservation. In addition to the direct risk of collision of bats with vehicles, roads could pose a threat to bat populations as a result of habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation, and could act as barriers to movements of bats between habitats.We performed a systematic review of the literature and conducted meta‐analyses to assess the threat posed by roads to bats as a result of 1) collisions between bats and vehicles and 2) roads acting as barriers to movements of bats.Based on collated records of 1207 bat road casualties in Europe, we found that low‐flying species are more prone to collisions than high‐flying species, and that juveniles are more vulnerable to collisions than adults. In addition, meta‐analysis identified a significant bias towards male casualties. Casualties included rare species such as Barbastella barbastellus and geographically restricted species such as Rhinolophus species.The bias towards male casualties could be indicative of greater natal philopatry or lower dispersal among females, or of sexual segregation in habitats of varying quality, i.e. females may occupy better quality habitats than males, and road density may be lower in better quality habitats.Whether or not roads act as barriers to the movement of bats depends on a complex interplay of habitat and species‐specific behaviour. For example, the presence of favourable habitat for bats – notably woodland – was found in this review to be linked with significantly reduced barrier effects but a heightened risk of collision.Our data suggest that roads do pose a threat to bats. Future research should assess the contribution of traffic noise and street lighting to the barrier effect of roads. Where new road schemes are monitored by ecological practitioners, it is vital that consistent protocols are employed to ensure that bat activity can be compared before and after the road is built. Evidence from such research should be used to minimize the risks for bats of any roads built in the future, and to design safe crossing points for bats.
机译：class =“ enumerated” style =“ list-style-type：decimal” id =“ mam12072-list-0001”> <！-list-behavior =列举的prefix-word = mark-type = decimal max-label- size = 0-> 道路是蝙蝠保护的潜在威胁。除了蝙蝠与车辆碰撞的直接风险外，道路还可能由于栖息地的丧失，退化和破碎化而对蝙蝠种群构成威胁，并可能成为蝙蝠在栖息地之间活动的障碍。
  • 我们对文献进行了系统的回顾，并进行了荟萃分析，以评估以下原因对蝙蝠的道路造成的威胁：1）蝙蝠与车辆之间的碰撞； 2）阻碍蝙蝠运动的道路。 根据欧洲1207条蝙蝠道人员伤亡的整理记录，我们发现低飞的物种比高飞的物种更容易发生碰撞，而未成年人比成年人更容易发生碰撞。此外，荟萃分析发现男性伤亡的严重偏见。伤亡包括稀有物种，如Barbastella barbastellus，以及地理上受限制的物种，如Rhinolophus物种。 对男性伤亡的偏见可能表明出生后的更年期或女性之间的传播减少，或者表明不同生境中的性别隔离质量，即雌性可能比雄性占据更好的栖息地，并且在质量更好的栖息地中道路密度可能较低。 道路是否成为蝙蝠运动的障碍，取决于栖息地和动物之间复杂的相互作用。特定物种的行为。例如，在这篇评论中，蝙蝠的有利栖息地（尤其是林地）的存在与屏障效应的显着降低有关，但碰撞风险却增加了。 我们的数据表明，道路确实构成了威胁蝙蝠。未来的研究应评估交通噪声和街道照明对道路屏障影响的贡献。在生态从业者对新道路计划进行监控的地方，至关重要的是要采用一致的协议来确保在建造道路之前和之后可以比较蝙蝠的活动。此类研究的证据应用于最大程度地减少将来建造的任何道路上的蝙蝠的危险，并设计蝙蝠的安全过境点。

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