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首页> 外文期刊>Accident Analysis & Prevention >Effect of wheelchair headrest use on pediatric head and neck injury risk outcomes during rear impact
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Effect of wheelchair headrest use on pediatric head and neck injury risk outcomes during rear impact

机译：轮椅头枕的使用对后部撞击期间小儿头部和颈部受伤风险结果的影响

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摘要

Comparative risks or benefits to wheelchair-seated pediatric occupants in motor vehicles associated with wheelchair headrest use during rear impact were evaluated using pediatric head and neck injury outcome measures. A Hybrid III 6-year-old anthropomorphic test device (ATD), seated in identical WC19-compliant pediatric manual wheelchairs, was used to measure head and neck response during a 25 km/h (16 mph), 11g rear impact. ATD responses were evaluated across two test scenarios: three sled tests conducted without headrests, and three with slightly modified commercial headrests. Head and neck injury outcomes measures included: linear head acceleration, head injury criteria (HIC) values, neck injury criteria (N_(ij)) values, and combined rotational head velocity and acceleration. Neck and head injury outcome measures improved by 34-70% in sled tests conducted with headrests compared to tests without headrests. Headrest use reduced N_(ij) values and the likelihood of concussion from values above established injury thresholds to values below injury thresholds. Injury measure outcome reductions suggest lower head and neck injury risks for wheelchair-seated children using wheelchair-mounted headrests as compared to non-headrest users in rear impact. Use of relative comparisons across two test scenarios served to minimize effects of ATD biofidelity limitations.
机译：使用儿童头部和颈部损伤的预后评估方法，评估了在后部撞击期间与使用轮椅头枕相关的机动车辆中坐轮椅的小儿乘员的相对风险或收益。安装在相同的WC19兼容小儿手动轮椅上的Hybrid III具有6年历史的拟人化测试设备（ATD），用于在25 km / h（16 mph），11 g的后撞击力下测量头颈部的反应。在两种测试场景中评估了ATD响应：在没有头枕的情况下进行了三个雪橇测试，在商业头枕进行了稍微改动的情况下进行了三个测试。头部和颈部损伤的结局指标包括：线性头部加速度，头部损伤标准（HIC）值，颈部损伤标准（N_（ij））值以及旋转头速度和加速度的总和。与没有头枕的测试相比，在有头枕的雪橇测试中，颈部和头部受伤的结果指标提高了34-70％。头枕使用的N_（ij）值降低，并且脑震荡的可能性从高于既定伤害阈值的值降低到低于伤害阈值的值。伤害测量结果的降低表明，使用轮椅安装式头枕的坐轮椅儿童与后部撞击中非头枕使用者相比，头部和颈部受伤的风险更低。在两个测试方案之间使用相对比较有助于最小化ATD生物保真度限制的影响。

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