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Self-regulatory driving practices among older adults: Health, age and sex effects

机译：老年人的自我调节驾驶习惯：健康，年龄和性别影响

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The purpose of this study was to better understand how older adults self-regulate driving, and to identify differences by age, sex, and health-related functioning. Michigan drivers over age 64 were surveyed by telephone (n-961, age [μ =74.2, σ = 5.8], 56% female) about their driving-related behaviors, physical functioning, and health. Respondents were presented with scenarios involving driving to an important appointment under adverse conditions (rainy stormy weather, on alternate route in heavy freeway traffic, 200-mile trip on unfamiliar roads). Generalized logit models examined outcomes for each scenario: driving as usual, driving with modifications, and not driving. Results indicate that the effect of sex on self-regulation was significant and greater than that of age and physical functioning. Women were more likely to self-regulate by not driving. Odds ratios and 95% confidence limits for each scenario for women vs. men are 6.8 (3.8-2.0), 6.5 (3.6-12.0), and 17.7 (11.0-28.6). The effect of sex on self-regulation by modifying driving was smaller and significant only in scenarios 2 and 3. Women were more likely then men to modify driving for scenario 2 (odds ratio, 3.0(2.0-4.5)) and scenario 3 (odds ratio 4.4 (3.1-0.1)). Overall, the study finds the relative effect of sex on self-regulation greater than that of age and physical functioning for conditions examined.
机译：这项研究的目的是更好地了解老年人如何自我调节驾驶，并确定年龄，性别和与健康相关的功能方面的差异。通过电话调查了密歇根州64岁以上的驾驶员（n-961，年龄[μ= 74.2，σ= 5.8]，56％为女性），以了解他们与驾驶有关的行为，身体机能和健康状况。向受访者介绍了在不利条件下（暴风雨的天气，繁忙的高速公路上的替代路线，不熟悉的道路上行驶200英里）驾驶重要约会的情景。通用logit模型检查了每种情况的结果：照常行驶，修改行驶而不是行驶。结果表明，性别对自我调节的影响显着，大于年龄和身体功能的影响。妇女更可能通过不开车来进行自我调节。男女相比，每种情况的赔率和95％置信度限制为6.8（3.8-2.0），6.5（3.6-12.0）和17.7（11.0-28.6）。在情景2和情景3中，性别通过改变驾驶对自我调节的影响较小且显着。在情景2（可能性比为3.0（2.0-4.5））和情景3（奇数）下，女性比男性更有可能改变驾驶比4.4（3.1-0.1））。总体而言，研究发现在所检查的疾病中，性别对自我调节的相对影响大于年龄和身体机能的相对影响。

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