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首页> 外文期刊>Accident Analysis & Prevention >Factors associated with rear seating of children in motor vehicles: a study in two low-income, predominantly Hispanic communities
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Factors associated with rear seating of children in motor vehicles: a study in two low-income, predominantly Hispanic communities

机译：与机动车儿童后排座位相关的因素：在两个主要是西班牙裔低收入社区的研究

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This study examined child seating patterns in two predominantly low-income, Hispanic communities in Massachusetts. The purpose was to determine the factors associated with child rear seating in the community as a whole and for a subset of Hispanic motorists. Five hundred and five vehicles carrying child passengers and no adult other than the driver were observed in parking lots of fast food restaurants and grocery stores. Four hundred and thirty-two vehicle drivers agreed to be interviewed. A child was defined as a passenger younger than age 12 as determined by appearance and height (head below the vehicle headrest when seated). Variables under study included driver gender, age, ethnicity, and educational attainment; driver shoulder belt use; driver perception of passenger-side airbag presence; and the number and ages of children in the car. Overall, 51 % of vehicles were observed with all children seated in the rear. In a bivariate analysis, child rear seating was strongly associated with female drivers (P = 0.01), younger drivers (P = 0.02), driver shoulder belt use (P < 0.00), perceived presence of a passenger-side airbag (P < 0.00), all children in the vehicle ≤ 6 years old (P < 0.00), and fewer than three children in the vehicle (P < 0.00). Non-Hispanic ethnicity was weakly associated with child rear seating (P = 0.09). In the multivariate analysis, only the association between child rear seating and all children in the vehicle ≤6 years old remained strong (RR 2.4, 95% CI 1.7-3.3). Factors associated with rear seating were similar between Hispanic and non-Hispanic motorists. Controlling for other factors, the presence of a passenger-side airbag appeared to be more strongly associated with rear seating among non-Hispanics compared to Hispanics (RR 1.5 versus 1.1). Fewer Hispanic motorists drove vehicles with all children in the rear compared with the non-Hispanic motorists (48% versus 56%); this difference appears to be associated with the finding that fewer Hispanic drivers wore their seat belt. For both Hispanic and non-Hispanic motorists, efforts to increase child rear seating should focus on older children, male drivers, and on increasing general motor vehicle safety behavior (e.g. seat belt use). Messages should be culturally appropriate and should emphasize driver seat belt use in conjunction with rear seating and the importance of rear seating regardless of the presence of a passenger-side airbag.
机译：这项研究调查了马萨诸塞州两个主要低收入的西班牙裔社区的儿童就座模式。目的是确定与整个社区以及部分西班牙裔驾驶者的儿童后排座位相关的因素。在快餐店和杂货店的停车场内，发现有505辆载有儿童乘客且没有成年人的车辆。 432名车辆驾驶员同意接受采访。根据外观和身高（坐下时头部低于车辆头枕），将儿童定义为12岁以下的乘客。研究的变量包括驾驶员性别，年龄，种族和受教育程度；驾驶员肩带的使用；驾驶员对乘客侧安全气囊存在的感知；以及车上孩子的数量和年龄。总体而言，观察到51％的车辆中所有儿童都坐在后排。在双变量分析中，儿童后排座位与女性驾驶员（P = 0.01），年轻驾驶员（P = 0.02），驾驶员肩带使用（P <0.00）和感知到的乘客侧安全气囊（P <0.00）密切相关。 ），车辆中所有≤6岁的儿童（P <0.00），且车辆中少于三个儿童（P <0.00）。非西班牙裔种族与儿童后排座位的关联性较弱（P = 0.09）。在多变量分析中，只有儿童后排座椅与车辆中所有≤6岁的儿童之间的关联性仍然很强（RR 2.4，95％CI 1.7-3.3）。西班牙裔和非西班牙裔驾驶员之间与后座相关的因素相似。在控制其他因素的情况下，与非西班牙裔美国人相比，非西班牙裔美国人中乘客侧安全气囊的出现似乎与后排座位联系更为紧密（RR 1.5对1.1）。与非西班牙裔驾驶者相比，驾驶所有儿童在后方的西班牙裔驾驶者更少（48％比56％）；这种差异似乎与发现较少的西班牙裔驾驶员戴安全带的发现有关。对于西班牙裔和非西班牙裔驾车者，增加儿童后排座位的工作应集中在较大的儿童，男性驾驶员以及增加一般机动车的安全行为（例如使用安全带）上。信息在文化上应适当，并且应强调驾驶员安全带与后排座椅结合使用，以及后排座椅的重要性，无论是否存在乘客侧安全气囊。

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