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首页> 外文期刊>ACM transactions on multimedia computing communications and applications >An Evaluation of Tile Selection Methods for Viewport-Adaptive Streaming of 360-Degree Video
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An Evaluation of Tile Selection Methods for Viewport-Adaptive Streaming of 360-Degree Video

机译：360度视频视口自适应流的瓷砖选择方法的评估

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摘要

360-degree video has become increasingly popular nowadays. For effective transmission of bandwidth-intensive 360-degree video over networks, viewport-adaptive streaming has been introduced. In this article, we evaluate, for the first time, ten existing methods to understand the effectiveness of tile-based viewport adaptive streaming of 360-degree video. Experimental results show that tile-based methods can improve the average V-PSNR by up to 4.3 dB compared to a non-tiled method under low delay settings. Here, the V-PSNR is computed as the peak signal-to-noise ratio of the adapted viewport compared to the corresponding origin viewport. Also, different methods show different tradeoffs between average viewport quality and viewport quality variations. Especially, the performances of most tile-based methods decrease quickly as the segment duration and/or buffer size increase for the content with no main focus. Even, under long delay settings like HTTP Adaptive Streaming, it is found that the simple non-tiled method appears to be the best one. For the content with a strong viewing focus, it is found that the tile-based methods are less influenced by the segment duration and the buffer size. In addition, a comparison of the performances of the tile selection methods using two popular viewport estimation methods is conducted. It is interesting that there is only little difference found in performances of tile selection methods. The findings of this study are useful for service providers to make decisions on deployment of streaming solutions.
机译：现在，360度视频已经变得越来越受欢迎。为了有效地传输带宽密集的360度视频通过网络，已经介绍了视口自适应流。在本文中，我们第一次评估了十种现有方法，了解360度视频的基于瓷砖的视口自适应流的有效性。实验结果表明，基于瓷砖的方法可以在低延迟设置下与非平铺方法相比将平均V-PSNR提高至4.3dB。这里，与相应的原点视口相比，V-PSNR被计算为适应视口的峰值信噪比。此外，不同的方法在平均视口质量和视口质量变化之间显示了不同的权衡。特别是，大多数瓷砖的方法的性能随着段持续时间和/或缓冲尺寸而增加而没有主要焦点的含量的增加。即使是HTTP自适应流等的长延迟设置​​，也发现简单的非平铺方法似乎是最好的。对于具有强烈观看焦点的内容，发现基于地块的方法受到段持续时间和缓冲区大小的影响较小。另外，进行了使用两个流行视口估计方法的瓦片选择方法的性能的比较。有趣的是，在瓷砖选择方法的表演中发现了几乎没有差异。本研究的调查结果对于服务提供商有助于做出关于部署流解决方案的决策。

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