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Impact of Fullerene on the Photophysics of Ternary Small Molecule Organic Solar Cells

机译:富勒烯对三元小分子有机太阳能电池光物理的影响

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Ternary organic solar cells (OSCs) are among the best-performing organic photovoltaic devices to date, largely due to the recent development of nonfullerene acceptors. However, fullerene molecules still play an important role in ternary OSC systems, since, for reasons not well understood, they often improve the device performance, despite their lack of absorption. Here, the photophysics of a prototypical ternary small-molecule OSC blend composed of the donor DR3, the nonfullerene acceptor ICC6, and the fullerene derivative PC71BM is studied by ultrafast spectroscopy. Surprisingly, it is found that after excitation of PC71BM, ultrafast singlet energy transfer to ICC6 competes efficiently with charge transfer. Subsequently, singlets on ICC6 undergo hole transfer to DR3, resulting in free charge generation. Interestingly, PC71BM improves indirectly the electron mobility of the ternary blend, while electrons reside predominantly in ICC6 domains as indicated by fast spectroscopy. The improved mobility facilitates charge carrier extraction, in turn leading to higher device efficiencies of the ternary compared to binary solar cells. Using the (photo)physical parameters obtained from (transient) spectroscopy and charge transport measurements, the device's current-voltage characteristics are simulated and it is demonstrated that the parameters accurately reproduce the experimentally measured device performance.
机译:三元有机太阳能电池(OSC)是迄今为止性能最好的有机光伏器件之一,这在很大程度上是由于非富勒烯受体的最新发展所致。但是,富勒烯分子在三元OSC系统中仍起着重要作用,因为出于未知的原因,尽管它们缺乏吸收,但它们通常会改善器件性能。在此,通过超快光谱研究了由供体DR3,非富勒烯受体ICC6和富勒烯衍生物PC71BM组成的典型三元小分子OSC混合物的光物理性质。令人惊讶地发现,在激发PC71BM之后,超快速单线态能量转移至ICC6与电荷转移有效竞争。随后,ICC6上的单线态将空穴转移到DR3,从而产生自由电荷。有趣的是,PC71BM间接改善了三元混合物的电子迁移率,而电子则主要存在于ICC6域中,如快速光谱法所示。改善的迁移率促进了电荷载流子的提取,从而与二元太阳能电池相比,导致三元器件的器件效率更高。使用从(瞬态)光谱学和电荷传输测量获得的(光)物理参数,对器件的电流-电压特性进行了仿真,并证明了这些参数可精确地再现实验测量的器件性能。

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