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首页> 外文期刊>Advanced Functional Materials >Light Manipulation by Guanine Crystals in Organisms: Biogenic Scatterers, Mirrors, Multilayer Reflectors and Photonic Crystals
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Light Manipulation by Guanine Crystals in Organisms: Biogenic Scatterers, Mirrors, Multilayer Reflectors and Photonic Crystals

机译：鸟嘌呤晶体在生物中的光操纵：生物散射体，镜子，多层反射器和光子晶体

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摘要

Guanine crystals are widely used in nature to manipulate light. The first part of this feature article explores how organisms are able to construct an extraordinary array of optical "devices" including diffuse scatterers, broad-band and narrowband reflectors, tunable photonic crystals, and image-forming mirrors by varying the size, morphology, and arrangement of guanine crystals. The second part presents an overview of some of the properties of crystalline guanine to explain why this material is ideally suited for such optical applications. The high reflectivity of many natural optical systems ultimately derives from the fact that guanine crystals have an extremely high refractive index-a product of its anisotropic crystal structure comprised of densely stacked H-bonded layers. In order to optimize their reflectivity, many organisms exert exquisite control over the crystal morphology, forming plate-like single crystals in which the high refractive index face is preferentially expressed. Guanine-based optics are used in a wide range of biological functions such as in camouflage, display, and vision, and exhibit a degree of versatility, tunability, and complexity that is difficult to incorporate into artificial devices using conventional engineering approaches. These biological systems could inspire the next generation of advanced optical materials.
机译：鸟嘌呤晶体在自然界中广泛用于操纵光。本专题文章的第一部分探讨了有机体如何通过改变大小，形态和结构来构造非同寻常的光学“设备”阵列，包括扩散散射体，宽带和窄带反射器，可调谐光子晶体以及成像镜。鸟嘌呤晶体的排列。第二部分概述了鸟嘌呤晶体的一些特性，以解释为什么这种材料非常适合此类光学应用。许多自然光学系统的高反射率最终归因于鸟嘌呤晶体具有极高的折射率这一事实-鸟嘌呤晶体是由密集堆叠的H键合层组成的各向异性晶体结构的产物。为了优化其反射率，许多生物对晶体形态进行了精确控制，形成了板状单晶，其中优先表达高折射率面。基于鸟嘌呤的光学器件可用于多种生物学功能，例如伪装，显示和视觉，并且具有一定程度的多功能性，可调性和复杂性，难以使用常规工程方法结合到人工设备中。这些生物系统可以激发下一代先进的光学材料。

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  • 来源
    《Advanced Functional Materials》 |2017年第6期|1603514.1-1603514.13|共13页
  • 作者

    Gur Dvir; Palmer Benjamin A.; Weiner Steve; Addadi Lia;

  • 作者单位

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-7610001 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-7610001 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-7610001 Rehovot, Israel;

    Weizmann Inst Sci, Dept Biol Struct, IL-7610001 Rehovot, Israel;

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