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Energy-Autonomous, Flexible, and Transparent Tactile Skin

机译：节能，灵活且透明的触觉皮肤

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摘要

Tactile or electronic skin is needed to provide critical haptic perception to robots and amputees, as well as in wearable electronics for health monitoring and wellness applications. Energy autonomy of skin is a critical feature that would enable better portability and longer operation times. This study shows a novel structure, consisting of a transparent tactile sensitive layer based on single-layer graphene, and a photovoltaic cell underneath as a building block for energy-autonomous, flexible, and tactile skin. Transparency of the touch sensitive layer is considered a key feature to allow the photovoltaic cell to effectively harvest light. Moreover, ultralow power consumed by the sensitive layer (20 nW cm(-2)) further reduces the photovoltaic area required to drive the tactile skin. In addition to its energy autonomy, the fabricated skin is sensitive to touch, mainly because a transparent polymeric protective layer, spin-coated on the sensor's active area, makes the coplanar capacitor sensitive to touch, detecting minimum pressures of 0.11 kPa with a uniform sensitivity of 4.3 Pa-1 along a broad pressure range. Finally, the tactile skin patches are integrated on a prosthetic hand, and the responses of the sensors for static and dynamic stimuli are evaluated by performing tasks, ranging from simple touching to grabbing of soft objects.
机译：需要触觉或电子皮肤来为机器人和被截肢者以及用于健康监测和保健应用的可穿戴电子设备提供关键的触觉感知。皮肤的能量自主性是一项关键功能，可实现更好的便携性和更长的操作时间。这项研究显示了一种新颖的结构，该结构由基于单层石墨烯的透明触觉敏感层和下方的光伏电池作为能量自主，柔软和触觉皮肤的构建基块。触摸敏感层的透明度被认为是允许光伏电池有效地收集光的关键特征。此外，敏感层所消耗的超低功率（20 nW cm（-2））进一步减小了驱动触觉皮肤所需的光伏面积。除了具有能量自主性之外，人造皮肤还对触摸敏感，这主要是因为在传感器的有效区域上旋涂了一层透明的聚合物保护层，使共面电容器对触摸敏感，从而检测到最小压力为0.11 kPa且灵敏度均匀。在宽压力范围内为4.3 Pa-1。最后，将触觉皮肤贴片整合在假肢上，并通过执行从简单触摸到抓取柔软物体的任务来评估传感器对静态和动态刺激的响应。

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