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Holey Carbon Nanotubes from Controlled Air Oxidation

机译：受控空气氧化产生的多孔碳纳米管

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摘要

Defects in various nanomaterials are often desirable to enable enhanced functional group attachments and attain properties that are not available with their intact counterparts. A new paradigm in the defective low-dimensional carbon nanomaterials is to create holes on the graphitic surfaces via partial etching. For example, holey graphene, graphene sheets with through-thickness holes, is synthesized using several different partial etching approaches and found useful for various applications such as field-effect transistors, sensors, energy storage devices, and separation membranes. In these applications, the presence of holes leads to unique advantages, such as bandgap widening, chemical functionalization of hole edges, and improved accessible surface area. Here, a facile and scalable method to prepare holey carbon nanotubes via controlled air oxidation is presented. Although no additional catalyst is added, the residual iron nanocatalysts encapsulated in the nanotube cavity from nanotube manufacturing significantly contributed to the hole generation through the nanotube walls. The holey carbon nanotube products exhibit enhanced surface area, pore volume, and oxygen-containing functional groups, which lead to their much enhanced electrochemical capacitive properties (increased over 100% in capacitance). Synthesis and characterization details of this novel class of holey carbon nanomaterials are presented, and their potential applications are discussed.
机译：通常需要各种纳米材料中的缺陷，以实现增强的官能团连接并获得其完整对应物无法获得的性能。有缺陷的低维碳纳米材料的新范例是通过局部蚀刻在石墨表面上形成孔。例如，使用几种不同的局部蚀刻方法合成有孔的石墨烯，带有贯穿厚度的孔的石墨烯片材，发现它们可用于各种应用，例如场效应晶体管，传感器，能量存储设备和隔离膜。在这些应用中，孔的存在会带来独特的优势，例如带隙加宽，孔边缘的化学功能化以及可访问的表面积得到改善。在这里，提出了一种通过可控的空气氧化制备多孔碳纳米管的简便且可扩展的方法。尽管没有添加额外的催化剂，但是纳米管制造过程中封装在纳米管腔中的残留铁纳米催化剂显着促进了通过纳米管壁产生空穴。多孔的碳纳米管产品具有增加的表面积，孔体积和含氧官能团，这导致它们的电化学电容性能大大提高（电容增加了100％以上）。介绍了这种新型的多孔碳纳米材料的合成和表征细节，并讨论了它们的潜在应用。

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