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General Synthesis of Dual Carbon-Confined Metal Sulfides Quantum Dots Toward High-Performance Anodes for Sodium-Ion Batteries

机译:碳离子限制金属双硫化物量子点向钠离子电池高性能阳极的一般合成

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摘要

Sponge-like composites assembled by cobalt sulfides quantum dots (Co9S8 QD), mesoporous hollow carbon polyhedral (HCP) matrix, and a reduced graphene oxide (rGO) wrapping sheets are synthesized by a simultaneous thermal reduction, carbonization, and sulfidation of zeolitic imidazolate frameworks@GO precursors. Specifically, Co9S8 QD with size less than 4 nm are homogenously embedded within HCP matrix, which is encapsulated in macroporous rGO, thereby leading to the double carbon-confined hierarchical composites with strong coupling effect. Experimental data combined with density functional theory calculations reveal that the presence of coupled rGO not only prevents the aggregation and excessive growth of particles, but also expands the lattice parameters of Co9S8 crystals, enhancing the reactivity for sodium storage. Benefiting from the hierarchical porosity, conductive network, structural integrity, and a synergistic effect of the components, the sponge-like composites used as binder-free anodes manifest outstanding sodium-storage performance in terms of excellent stable capacity (628 mAh g(-1) after 500 cycles at 300 mA g(-1)) and exceptional rate capability (529, 448, and 330 mAh g(-1) at 1600, 3200, and 6400 mA g(-1)). More importantly, the synthetic method is very versatile and can be easily extended to fabricate other transition-metal-sulfides-based sponge-like composites with excellent electrochemical performances.
机译:硫化钴量子点(Co9S8 QD),中孔中空碳多面体(HCP)基质和还原性氧化石墨烯(rGO)包装片组装而成的海绵状复合材料是通过同时进行沸石咪唑盐骨架的热还原,碳化和硫化而合成的@GO前驱。具体而言,将尺寸小于4 nm的Co9S8 QD均匀地嵌入HCP基质中,该基质被封装在大孔rGO中,从而产生具有强耦合效应的双碳约束分层复合材料。实验数据与密度泛函理论计算相结合表明,偶联的rGO的存在不仅可以防止颗粒的聚集和过度生长,而且可以扩展Co9S8晶体的晶格参数,从而增强钠存储的反应性。得益于分层的孔隙率,导电网络,结构完整性和组件的协同效应,用作无粘结剂阳极的海绵状复合材料具有出色的钠存储性能,具有出色的稳定容量(628 mAh g(-1) )在300 mA g(-1)下500个循环后)和出色的速率能力(在1600、3200和6400 mA g(-1)下为529、448和330 mAh g(-1))。更重要的是,该合成方法非常通用,可以容易地扩展以制造具有优异电化学性能的其他基于过渡金属硫化物的海绵状复合材料。

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