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首页> 外文期刊>Advanced Materials >Oxide-Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten-Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces
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Oxide-Mediated Formation of Chemically Stable Tungsten-Liquid Metal Mixtures for Enhanced Thermal Interfaces

机译：氧化物介导的化学稳定的钨-液态金属混合物的形成，可增强热界面

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摘要

Modern microelectronics and emerging technologies such as wearable devices and soft robotics require conformable and thermally conductive thermal interface materials to improve their performance and longevity. Gallium-based liquid metals (LMs) are promising candidates for these applications yet are limited by their moderate thermal conductivity, difficulty in surface-spreading, and pump-out issues. Incorporation of metallic particles into the LM can address these problems, but observed alloying processes shift the LM melting point and lead to undesirable formation of additional surface roughness. Here, these problems are addressed by introducing a mixture of tungsten microparticles dispersed within a LM matrix (LM-W) that exhibits two- to threefold enhanced thermal conductivity (62 +/- 2.28 W m(-1) K-1 for gallium and 57 +/- 2.08 W m(-1) K-1 for EGaInSn at a 40% filler volume mixing ratio) and liquid-to-paste transition for better surface application. It is shown that the formation of a nanometer-scale LM oxide in oxygen-rich environments allows highly nonwetting tungsten particles to mix into LMs. Using in situ imaging and particle dipping experimentation within a focused ion beam and scanning electron microscopy system, the oxide-assisted mechanism behind this wetting process is revealed. Furthermore, since tungsten does not undergo room-temperature alloying with gallium, it is shown that LM-W remains a chemically stable mixture.
机译：现代微电子学和新兴技术（例如可穿戴设备和软机器人）要求使用适形且导热的热界面材料，以提高其性能和寿命。镓基液态金属（LM）是这些应用的有前途的候选者，但由于其中等的热导率，表面扩散困难和泵出问题而受到限制。将金属颗粒掺入LM可以解决这些问题，但是观察到的合金化工艺会改变LM的熔点并导致形成不希望的附加表面粗糙度。在这里，这些问题通过引入分散在LM基体（LM-W）中的钨微粒混合物来解决，该基体表现出2至3倍的热导率（对于镓和钨的热阻为62 +/- 2.28 W m（-1）K-1 EGaInSn的57 +/- 2.08 W m（-1）K-1，填料体积混合比为40％）和液-糊转变，以实现更好的表面应用。结果表明，在富氧环境中形成纳米级LM氧化物可以使高度不润湿的钨颗粒混入LM中。使用聚焦离子束和扫描电子显微镜系统内的原位成像和粒子浸没实验，揭示了该润湿过程背后的氧化物辅助机理。此外，由于钨不与镓进行室温合金化，因此表明LM-W保持化学稳定的混合物。

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