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Diatomaceous Lessons in Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials

机译:纳米技术和先进材料的硅藻土课程

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摘要

Silicon, in its various forms, finds widespread use in electronic, optical, and structural materials. Research on uses of silicon and silica has been intense for decades, raising the question of how much diversity is left for innovation with this element. Shape variation is particularly well examined. Here, we review the principles revealed by diatom frustules, the porous silica shells of diatoms, microscopic, unicellular algae. The frustules have nanometer-scale detail, and the almost 100000 species with unique frustule morphologies suggest nuanced structural and optical functions well beyond the current ranges used in advanced materials. The unique frustule morphologies have arisen through tens of millions of years of evolutionary selection, and so are likely to reflect optimized design and function. Performing the structural and optical equivalent of data mining, and understanding and adopting these designs, affords a new paradigm in materials science, an alternative to combinatorial materials synthesis approaches in spurring the development of new material and more nuanced materials.
机译:硅以各种形式广泛地用于电子,光学和结构材料中。数十年来,对硅和二氧化硅用途的研究一直很激烈,这引发了人们对该元素的创新还需要多少多样性的问题。形状变化得到了很好的检查。在这里,我们回顾了硅藻壳,硅藻的多孔硅壳,微观的单细胞藻类揭示的原理。壳具有纳米级的细节,并且近100000种具有独特的壳形态的物种表明细微的结构和光学功能远远超出了先进材料中使用的当前范围。数千万年的进化选择已经形成了独特的壳形态,因此很可能反映出优化的设计和功能。执行数据挖掘的结构和光学等价物,并理解和采用这些设计,为材料科学提供了新的范例,是组合材料合成方法的替代品,可以刺激新材料和更细微差别的材料的开发。

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  • 来源
    《Advanced Materials》 |2009年第29期|2947-2958|共12页
  • 作者单位

    Ian Wark Research Institute University of South Australia Mawson Lakes SA 5095 (Australia);

    School of Biological Sciences Flinders University Adelaide SA 5001 (Australia);

    School of Chemistry, Physics and Earth Sciences Flinders University GPO Box 2100, Adelaide SA 5001 (Australia);

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