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首页> 外文期刊>Advances in Atmospheric Sciences >A Possible Feedback Mechanism Involving the Arctic Freshwater, the Arctic Sea Ice, and the North Atlantic Drift
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A Possible Feedback Mechanism Involving the Arctic Freshwater, the Arctic Sea Ice, and the North Atlantic Drift

机译：涉及北极淡水，北极海冰和北大西洋漂流的可能反馈机制

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摘要

Model studies point to enhanced warming and to increased freshwater fluxes to high northern latitudes in response to global warming. In order to address possible feedbacks in the ice-ocean system in response to such changes, the combined effect of increased freshwater input to the Arctic Ocean and Arctic warming—the latter manifested as a gradual melting of the Arctic sea ice—is examined using a 3-D isopycnic coordinate ocean general circulation model. A suite of three idealized experiments is carried out: one control integration, one integration with a doubling of the modern Arctic river runoff, and a third more extreme case, where the river runoff is five times the modern value. In the two freshwater cases, the sea ice thickness is reduced by 1.5-2 m in the central Arctic Ocean over a 50-year period. The modelled ocean response is qualitatively the same for both perturbation experiments: freshwater propagates into the Atlantic Ocean and the Nordic Seas, leading to an initial weakening of the North Atlantic Drift. Furthermore, changes in the geostrophic currents in the central Arctic and melting of the Arctic sea ice lead to an intensified Beaufort Gyre, which in turn increases the southward volume transport through the Canadian Archipelago. To compensate for this southward transport of mass, more warm and saline Atlantic water is carried northward with the North Atlantic Drift. It is found that the increased transport of salt into the northern North Atlantic and the Nordic Seas tends to counteract the impact of the increased freshwater originating from the Arctic, leading to a stabilization of the North Atlantic Drift.
机译：模型研究指出，全球变暖加剧了变暖，并增加了北部高海拔地区的淡水通量。为了应对这种变化，冰洋系统中可能出现的反馈，使用北冰洋核查了北冰洋逐渐增加的淡水输入量和北极变暖的综合作用（后者表现为北极海冰逐渐融化）。 3-D等速坐标海洋总环流模型。进行了三个理想化实验的套件：一个控制集成，一个现代北极河径流翻倍的集成，以及另一个极端情况，其中河流径流是现代值的五倍。在这两个淡水情况下，北冰洋中部的50年间海冰厚度减少了1.5-2 m。在两种扰动实验中，模拟的海洋反应在质量上是相同的：淡水传播到大西洋和北欧海域，导致北大西洋漂流最初减弱。此外，北极中部的地转流变化和北极海冰融化导致博福特涡流加剧，反过来又增加了通过加拿大群岛的向南运输量。为了补偿这种向南的运输，北大西洋漂流向北输送了更多温暖和盐水的大西洋水。已经发现，盐向北大西洋北部和北欧海域的运输增加倾向于抵消北极增加的淡水的影响，从而导致北大西洋漂流的稳定。

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