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Detecting small moving objects using temporal hypothesis testing

机译:使用时间假设检验检测小运动物体

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This paper addresses the problem of detecting small, moving, low amplitude objects in image sequences that also contain moving nuisance objects and background noise. We formulate this problem in the context of a hypothesis testing procedure on individual pixel temporal profiles, leading to a computationally efficient statistical test. The technique assumes we have reasonable deterministic and statistical models for the temporal behavior of the background noise, target, and clutter, on a single pixel basis. Based on these models we develop a generalized likelihood ratio test (GLRT) and perfect measurement performance analysis, and present the resulting decision rule. We also propose a parameter estimation technique and compare its performance to the Cramer Rao bound (CRB). We demonstrate the effectiveness of the technique by applying the resulting algorithm to real world infrared (IR) image sequences containing targets of opportunity. The approach could also be applicable to other image sequence processing scenarios, using acquisition systems besides IR imaging, such as detection of small moving objects or structures in a biomedical or biological imaging scenario, or the detection of satellites, meteors or other celestial bodies in night sky imagery acquired using a telescope
机译:本文解决了在图像序列中检测小的,移动的,低幅度的对象的问题,这些图像中还包含移动的有害对象和背景噪声。我们在单个像素时间轮廓上的假设检验程序的背景下制定了这个问题,从而导致了计算上有效的统计检验。该技术假设我们在单个像素的基础上,对于背景噪声,目标和杂波的时间行为具有合理的确定性和统计模型。基于这些模型,我们开发了广义似然比检验(GLRT)和完善的测量性能分析,并提出了最终的决策规则。我们还提出了一种参数估计技术,并将其性能与Cramer Rao界(CRB)进行比较。通过将所得算法应用于包含机会目标的真实世界红外(IR)图像序列,我们证明了该技术的有效性。该方法还可以适用于其他图像序列处理方案,使用红外成像以外的采集系统,例如在生物医学或生物成像方案中检测小型移动物体或结构,或者在夜间检测卫星,流星或其他天体。使用望远镜获取的天空影像

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