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首页> 外文期刊>Aerospace and Electronic Systems Magazine, IEEE >Evaluating risks associated with extended enterprise systems (EES)
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Evaluating risks associated with extended enterprise systems (EES)

机译：评估与扩展企业系统（EES）相关的风险

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The term “system” is defined as a: “… set or arrangement of elements (people, products, (hardware, software) and processes (facilities, equipment, material, and procedures)) that are related and whose behavior satisfies customer/operational needs, and provides for the life cycle sustainment of the products” [1]. Similarly, “enterprise” is described as a: “goal-directed complex system of resources -human, information, financial, and physical-and activities, usually a significant operational scope, complication, risk, and duration” [2], However, the necessities of today''s market governed by intense competition, globalizations, and battles among supply chains, have changed the focus on how an enterprise conducts its business. Enterprises are gradually moving on from operating as a stand-alone entity to producing goods and services through a network of independent or semi-independent organizations [3]. As a result, enterprises are becoming extended network-based organisms able to operate in extremely complex environments [4]. In order to capture the dynamic nature of such entities, existing approaches can be combined to introduce an Extended Enterprise System (EES) as “a complex network of distinctive yet distributed and interdependent organizational systems that are connected in an autonomic way to achieve objectives beyond reaching capacities of each” [5]. The type of interactions among constituent systems of such a network might be defined based on hierarchy, collaboration, coordination, or a combinatorial form. Regardless of the interconnectivity rules and forms that results in an increased flexibility and adaptability, an EES is not devoid of being susceptible to sudden, unforeseen vulnerability that can put it in a position of great risk through astronomical financial losses and a steep decline in its overall market share, thereby leading to the loss in its competitive advant- ge. Since developing a “risk free” strategy that enables the “ideal” functioning of an EES is nearly impossible in the currently prevailing business environment, having a clear understanding of the critical risks associated with the functioning of an EES is absolutely necessary for its growth and sustenance in the business environment. Furthermore, the boundaries for evaluation and management of risks associated with an EES are inherited from a plethora of intra- as well as inter-organizational relationships [6,7] that stretches well beyond those associated with its enterprise-centric counterparts, and therefore warrants a great deal of attention from policy-makers as a part of designing a well-structured risk mitigation strategy. However, despite the rapidly growing popularity of EES among practitioners, there is still a considerable void in the open literature on evaluating the critical risks associated with an EES, something that the current research is trying to shed some light on.
机译：术语“系统”被定义为：“……与之相关且其行为满足客户/运营需求的元素（人员，产品，（硬件，软件）和过程（设施，设备，材料和程序）的集合或布置”需求，并为产品的生命周期提供支持” [1]。同样，“企业”被描述为：“目标导向的复杂资源系统，包括人力，信息，财务，物质和活动，通常具有重要的运营范围，复杂性，风险和持续时间” [2]，但是，在激烈的竞争，全球化和供应链之战中支配着当今市场的必要性，这改变了人们对企业经营方式的关注。企业正在逐渐从作为一个独立的实体运营，转向通过独立或半独立的组织网络生产商品和服务[3]。结果，企业正在成为能够在极其复杂的环境中运行的扩展的基于网络的有机体[4]。为了捕获此类实体的动态性质，可以将现有方法结合使用，以引入扩展企业系统（EES），即“以独特的方式分散连接但相互依存的组织系统组成的复杂网络，这些系统以自主方式连接以实现超越目标的目标。每个人的能力” [5]。可以基于层次结构，协作，协调或组合形式定义此类网络的组成系统之间的交互类型。不管互连规则和形式如何导致灵活性和适应性的提高，EES都不可避免地遭受突然的，无法预料的脆弱性，这可能会由于天文数字的财务损失和总体损失急剧下降而使其处于巨大风险中市场份额，从而导致其竞争优势的丧失。由于在当前盛行的业务环境中几乎不可能开发出能够使EES发挥“理想”功能的“无风险”策略，因此，对于EES的成长和发展绝对必要的是，对EES的功能相关的关键风险有一个清晰的了解。在商业环境中的维持。此外，与EES相关的风险评估和管理的边界继承自众多内部和组织间的关系[6,7]，其范围远远超出了与以企业为中心的对应关系所关联的范围，因此有必要作为设计结构合理的风险缓解策略的一部分，决策者给予了极大的关注。然而，尽管EES在从业者中迅速流行，但是公开文献中仍然存在相当大的空白来评估与EES相关的重大风险，这是当前研究正在试图阐明的问题。

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