• 主题
高级搜索  >
历史搜索 清空历史
首页> 外文期刊>Air quality, atmosphere & health >Development and application of a model (ExDoM) for calculating the respiratory tract dose and retention of particles under variable exposure conditions
【24h】

Development and application of a model (ExDoM) for calculating the respiratory tract dose and retention of particles under variable exposure conditions

机译：可变暴露条件下计算呼吸道剂量和颗粒保留量的模型（ExDoM）的开发和应用

获取原文
获取原文并翻译 | 示例
           
页面导航
  • 摘要
  • 著录项
  • 相似文献
  • 相关主题

摘要

The ExDoM is a model for calculating the human exposure and the deposition, dose, clearance, and finally retention of aerosol particles in the respiratory tract at specific times during and after exposure, under variable exposure conditions. Specifically, the model incorporates an exposure module which allows the user to set variable or static exposure conditions (exposure concentration, physical exertion levels, and different environments) or in the case of the physical exertion levels and exposure environment to choose from a list of typical exposure scenarios (activity pattern, exposure environment, and physical exertion level). The exposure concentration can refer to total particulate matter (PM) concentration or chemically resolved particles of variant size distributions. The aerosol size parameters can be introduced to the model either directly as median aerodynamic diameter and geometric standard deviation or are estimated by the model from measurement data. The model treats monodisperse or polydisperse aerosol size distributions. The human respiratory tract (RT) model of the International Commission on Radiological protection (ICRP Publication 66) is utilized for the respiratory tract deposition calculations. The above together with the dose and clearance/retention modules can be used to study together exposure and dose of chemically resolved particles of variant size distributions. The ExDoM model implementation in order to study the exposure and dose of particles in the human RT is demonstrated at two locations. In particular, the dose and retention of particles to RT and the mass transferred to the gastrointestinal tract and blood capillaries are estimated for an adult Caucasian male exposed to PM10 at a coastal remote site in the eastern Mediterranean. In addition, the regional lung doses of specific chemical components of PM10 (inorganic ions and carbonaceous compounds) during realistic exposure conditions outdoors at a residential background area in Oslo, Norway, were assessed. The results from the two studies showed that the dose was enhanced for the carbonaceous fine fraction of particles in the alveolar region of the lung whereas the dose of crustal material dominated in the extrathoracic region.
机译：ExDoM是一个模型，用于在可变的暴露条件下，在暴露期间和暴露之后的特定时间，计算人体暴露量以及沉积，剂量，清除率以及最终气溶胶颗粒在呼吸道中的沉积量。具体而言，该模型包含一个暴露模块，该模块允许用户设置可变或静态暴露条件（暴露浓度，体力消耗水平和不同环境），或者在体力消耗水平和暴露环境的情况下，从典型列表中进行选择暴露场景（活动模式，暴露环境和体力消耗水平）。暴露浓度可以指总的颗粒物（PM）浓度或不同尺寸分布的化学分解颗粒。气溶胶尺寸参数可以直接作为模型的中值空气动力学直径和几何标准偏差引入模型中，也可以由模型根据测量数据进行估算。该模型处理单分散或多分散气溶胶尺寸分布。国际放射防护委员会（ICRP出版物66）的人体呼吸道（RT）模型用于呼吸道沉积计算。以上内容以及剂量和清除率/保留模块可用于一起研究变体尺寸分布的化学分解颗粒的暴露量和剂量。为了研究人类RT中颗粒的暴露和剂量，在两个位置展示了ExDoM模型的实现。特别是，估计了在地中海东部沿海偏远地区暴露于PM10的成年高加索成年男性的颗粒剂量，对RT的保留，转移至胃肠道和毛细血管的质量。此外，评估了在挪威奥斯陆的一个居民本底地区，在室外实际暴露条件下，PM10特定化学成分（无机离子和碳质化合物）的区域肺部剂量。两项研究的结果表明，肺肺泡区域中碳细颗粒的剂量增加了，而胸外区域中地壳物质的剂量则增加了。

著录项

相似文献

  • 外文文献
  • 中文文献
  • 专利
获取原文

客服邮箱：kefu@zhangqiaokeyan.com

京公网安备：11010802029741号 ICP备案号：京ICP备15016152号-6 六维联合信息科技 (北京) 有限公司©版权所有

  • 客服微信

  • 服务号