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Asking The Right Questions

机译：提出正确的问题

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Reflecting Upon Mr. Remy Mauduit's excellent article "Effects-Based Information Battle in the Muslim World" (Air and Space Power Journal, Spring 2008), I found that I had more questions than answers. Reflecting further, I realized that this was probably a good thing. We have a surplus of answers, but perhaps we have a shortage of the right questions. After all, an answer is useful only when paired to its correct question; a good answer to a bad question is still a wrong answer. Therefore, rather than add to our stockpiles of answers, let us instead seek questions.rnFirst, let us frame the question. One of counterinsurgency's counterintuitive truisms asserts that what seems offensive may, in fact, be defensive, whereas what seems defensive may, in reality, be one's best attack.1 This truth may hold just as well for a global insurgency as for a local one. A terror group uses violence to replace "the way things are" with "the way things should be." An insurgency adds to all of the above the support of other broad factions also discontented with the way things are. People can sometimes become more than people; the insurgent becomes the lightning rod for the people's grievances. Have our enemies become that lightning rod? Al-Qaeda continues to draw a borderless distinction between the way things are and the way they should be. It has demonstrated a willingness to use unconstrained violence to move the world from the former category into the latter. The last piece, the broad support of other discontented factions, is the game changer. How effectively has al-Qaeda aligned global discontent to its narrative? Is our global war on terror a kind of counterinsurgency writ large? Nascent groups with only the most tenuous link to Ibn Wahhab's way of thinking have taken the name al-Qaeda. Osama bin Lad-rnen 's pronouncements are as sure to make the news as any presidential press release. Is it even conceivable that a distant son (disowned by his family a decade ago, no less) of the divorced 10th wife of the Yemeni construction magnate Muhammad bin Ladin could be the counterpoint to Francis Fukuyama's vaunted "End of History"? So our first question becomes, "Is al-Qaeda a terror network or a global insurgency?"
机译：回顾雷米·莫迪先生的出色文章“穆斯林世界中基于效果的信息战”（《航空与航天动力杂志》，2008年春季），我发现问题多于答案。进一步思考，我意识到这可能是一件好事。我们有过多的答案，但也许我们缺少正确的问题。毕竟，答案只有与正确的问题配对才有用。一个好问题的好答案仍然是一个错误的答案。因此，让我们来寻找问题，而不是增加我们的答案库存。首先，让我们对问题进行框架设计。反叛乱组织的一种违反直觉的真理认为，实际上令人反感的可能是防御性的，而实际上看起来似乎具有防御性的则可能是一个人最好的攻击方式。1对于全球叛乱分子和本地叛乱分子来说，这种真理可能同样适用。恐怖组织使用暴力将“事物的状态”替换为“事物的状态”。叛乱使上述一切都得到了其他广泛派别的支持，这些派别也对事物的现状不满意。人有时会变得比人更多；叛乱分子成为人民不满的避雷针。我们的敌人变成了避雷针吗？基地组织继续在事物的处事方式和应有的处事方式之间进行无边界的区分。它显示出愿意使用不受约束的暴力将世界从前一类转移到后者。最后一块，是其他不满派系的广泛支持，是改变游戏规则的人。基地组织如何有效地将全球不满与叙事联系起来？我们的全球反恐战争是否是一种大规模的平叛令？刚与伊本·瓦哈布的思维方式联系最紧密的新生团体已将“基地”组织称为“基地”组织。乌萨马·本·拉德嫩（Osama bin Lad-rnen）的讲话肯定会像任何总统新闻稿一样成为新闻。甚至可以想象，也门建筑业巨头穆罕默德·本·拉丹离异的第十任妻子的一个遥远的儿子（十年前也被他的家人所抛弃了）可能是弗朗西斯·福山（Francis Fukuyama）吹嘘的“历史终结”的对立面吗？因此，我们的第一个问题变成：“基地组织是恐怖网络还是全球叛乱分子？”

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