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The role of sector coupling in the green transition: A least-cost energy system development in Northern-central Europe towards 2050

机译：地区耦合在绿色转型中的作用：北部 - 中欧最低的能源系统发展朝向2050年

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摘要

This paper analyses the role of sector coupling towards 2050 in the energy system of Northern-central Europe when pursuing the green transition. Impacts of restricted onshore wind potential and transmission expansion are considered. Optimisation of the capacity development and operation of the energy system towards 2050 is performed with the energy system model Balmorel. Generation, storage, transmission expansion, district heating, carbon capture and storage, and synthetic gas units compete with each other. The results show how sector coupling leads to a change of paradigm: The electricity system moves from a system where generation adapts to inflexible demand, to a system where flexible demand adapts to variable generation. Sector coupling increases electricity demand, variable renewable energy, heat storage capacity, and electricity and district heating transmission expansion towards 2050. Non-restricted investments in onshore wind and electricity transmission reduce emissions and costs considerably (especially with high sector coupling) with savings of 78.7(sic)(2016)/person/year. Investments in electric power-to-heat units are key to reduce costs and emissions in the heat sector. The scenarios with the highest sector coupling achieve the highest emission reduction by 2045:76% greenhouse gases reduction with respect to 1990 levels, which highlights the value of sector coupling to achieve the green transition.
机译：本文分析了部门耦合在追求绿色过渡时北方北欧能源系统的作用。考虑了受限制的陆上风力潜力和传输扩展的影响。通过能量系统模型Balmorel进行能量系统的优化能力开发和能量系统的操作。一代，储存，传输膨胀，区供暖，碳捕获和储存，合成气体单位彼此竞争。结果表明，扇区耦合如何导致范式的变化：电力系统从生成适应的系统移动到强度需求适应变量的系统。部门耦合增加了电力需求，可变可再生能源，蓄热能力，电力和电力和电流传输扩展到2050年。陆上风电和电力传输的非限制性投资减少了排放量（特别是高分耦合），节省了78.7 （SIC）（2016年）/人/年。电力到热部门的投资是降低热线成本和排放的关键。具有最高扇区耦合的情况实现最高排放减少2045：76％的温室气体减少了1990年的水平，突出了扇区耦合的价值，实现绿色转变。

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